Vaccination and immune dysfunction/chronic
disease
FREEDOM OF CHOICE IS NOT FREE
Vaccination News, A Non-Profit Corporation
Picks of the Day
Archives
All the
News (includes Breaking News) - a running tab of everything posted on this website since October 29,
2003
Other archives
click
here to
download Adobe Reader
Return to:
Scandals:
Prescription For Disaster -
Is Vaccine Policy A "House of Cards"?
How Vaccinations Work -
Philip Incao, MD
The
outcome of this line of thought is that, contrary to previous belief,
vaccinations do not strengthen or "boost" the whole immune system. Instead
vaccinations overstimulate the "tasting and remembering" function of the
antibody-mediated branch of the immune system (Th2) which simultaneously
suppresses the cellular immune system (Th1) thus "preventing" the disease in
question.
What in
reality is prevented is not the disease but the ability of our cellular immune
system to manifest, to respond to and to overcome the disease!
Vaccinations are usually effective in preventing an individual from
manifesting a particular illness, but they do not improve the overall
strength or health of the individual nor of the immune system. Instead,
vaccinations modify the reactivity of the immune system, decreasing acute
discharging inflammatory reactions and increasing the tendency to chronic
allergic and auto-immune reactions.
Show Us the
Science: An Exclusive Mothering Report on the Second International Public
Conference of the National Vaccine Information Center
"And
yet, while vaccines have driven infectious diseases out of childhood, over the
past quarter century there has been a simultaneous and unprecedented increase in
the numbers of children suffering from chronic disease and disability. The
incidence of learning disabilities, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder,
and asthma has doubled, diabetes has tripled, and every state in America has
experienced a 200 to 500 percent increase in autism in the past decade. The
total number of children suffering with these chronic disabilities numbers in
the ten of millions in the US, Canada, and Europe.
"Public
health, like individual health, is not measured solely by an absence of
infectious disease. And so one of the great unanswered questions in medicine
today is: Has the mass use of multiple vaccines in early childhood, when the
brain and immune systems are developing at their most rapid rate, been a major
co-factor in the broad-based brain and immune dysfunctions seen in so many young
children and young adults today?"
Vaccination: A Sacrament of Modern Medicine - Richard Moskowitz, MD
Far from being restricted to any
particular category, vaccine related illness similarly encompasses the full
range of chronic diseases in children, from asthma, eczema, and allergies to
otitis
media, far and away the commonest in my practice, as well as learning
disabilities and emotional or behavior problems.
Vaccines: A
Second Opinion - Gary Null, Ph.D.
Another argument against vaccines is
that they are suppressive, rather than curative, causing the vital force of the
body to shift its emphasis either to some other disease or to a deeper disease.
Symptoms can be suppressed for the moment, notes homeopathic veterinarian Dr.
Charles Loops, but down the road some type of chronic disease is going to
develop: "If you treat irritable bowel syndrome, for instance, with cortisone
and antibiotics, you can drive the disease to a state where ten years down the
road you’ll be dealing with colon cancer. And we have equivalents in animal
disease. The most important thing is to treat disease, any type of disease, in a
manner that enhances the body, so that it can heal itself, and that means using
herbal, homeopathic, or some other type of stimulatory medicine, rather than
suppressive medicine."
The Law
of Vaccination - Toward Radical Reform - Stan Lippman
Declare a 2 year moratorium on
vaccination to determine what the risk are of an outbreak of disease and how
much harm such an outbreak would bring, versus observed reduction in new chronic
illness.
The
Post-Vaccination Syndrome - Dr. Tinus Smits
My
discussion will show that vaccinations can be responsible for both acute and
chronic health problems.
UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION: Medical Miracle or Masterful Mirage - Raymond
Obomsawin, Ph.D.
"We know of hundreds
of children who were fat and well before being vaccinated, but who are now
chronically ill or seriously mentally or physically disabled. Of some 600 cases:
the most common are autism (202); serious digestive problems (110); epilepsy
(97); hearing and vision problems (40); arthritis (42); behaviour and learning
problems (41); ME (24); diabetes (9); paralysis (9); blood disorders (5); brain
damage (3); and death (14)."
(statement from a law firm)
HEPATITIS B VACCINE HEARINGS - SCHOOL NURSE PERSPECTIVE
This is a school nursing perspective
for the congressional hearings to be held on May 18, 1999 regarding the safety
of the hepatitis B vaccine that is being mandated for newborns and now older
children in America. We ask you to please consider the following information and
submit it into the congressional testimony. As nurses we continually see more
and more damaged children entering our schools, and we are very concerned that a
major portion of that damage may be due to the hepatitis B vaccine's assault on
the newborn neurological and immune system.
My name is Patti White, R.N. I am a registered professional nurse and the
district health services coordinator for a multi-school district. I am writing
on behalf of the school nurses in our district. We have very grave concerns
about the hepatitis B vaccine.
For the past three or four years our school district has noted a significant
increase in the number of children entering school with developmental disorders,
learning disabilities, attention deficit disorders and/or serious chronic
illness such as diabetes, asthma and seizure disorders. Each of the past four
years has been worse than the year before. There is only one common thread we
have been able to identify in these children: they are the children who received
the first trial hepatitis B injections as newborns in the early 1990s.
As the hepatitis B compliance rate in newborns has gone up in our community, so
has the percentage of damaged children.
Vaccination
and immuno-difficiency in children -
Gunner Ødum, MD
After these 4 initial cases in 1996 I
have treated more than 700 children whose immunity had been weakened by
vaccinations. The chronic diseases I had seen in a lot of children were
the following:
- Constantly returning colds.
- Fluids from the ears/ otitis
media.
- Defective hearing.
- Asthma and bronchitis.
- Recurring pneumonia.
- Eczema of various kinds.
- Sleeping problems.
- Appetite problems.
- Hyperactivity.
- Physical or psychic handicaps.
- Speech disturbances.
- Backward readers.
- Behaviour disorder.
- DAMP - children (Dysfunction
as to Attention, Motor nerves and Perception)
- Autism.
- Epilepsy.
- Rheumatoid arthritis and
- Diabetes Mellitus.
Do Vaccines Disable The Immune System? - Randall Neustaedter, O.M.D., L.Ac.
Vaccines are destroying our immune
systems. Amazingly, the medical profession ignores the incriminating evidence
against vaccines, and continues to inflict more unnecessary and harmful vaccines
on our nation’s infants. A recent study from the New England Journal of Medicine
of May 1996 revealed that tetanus vaccine disables the immune system in HIV
patients. Tetanus vaccination produced a drop in T cells in 10 of 13 patients, a
classic sign of immune deficiency. HIV viral replication increased dramatically
in response to tetanus vaccine. Finally, white blood cells from 7 of 10
uninfected individuals became more susceptible to HIV infection following
tetanus vaccination. Despite these findings, the authors made no comment about
the immune depleting effect of the vaccine.
The destructive effect of vaccines on
the immune system can persist over an extended period of time. One study
published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases documented a long-term
depressive effect on interferon production caused by the measles vaccine.
What is the effect of long-term
immune suppression? Some investigators are concerned that vaccines could be
disabling our body’s ability to react normally to disease, and creating the
climate for autoimmune self-destruction. The many reports of autoimmune
phenomena that occur as reactions to vaccination provide incontrovertible proof
that tampering with the immune system causes devastating disease.
E-News: Second Thoughts About The Flu Vaccine
Fisher believes
vaccinating healthy young people against the flu instead of allowing them to
recover naturally from the virus could lead to long-term health problems. The
flu shot’s protective effects last only six months, requiring re-vaccination at
the start of every flu season. But if someone catches a strain of the flu and
recovers from it they will develop an immunity which will stop them from getting
it again.
Strengthening Your Child's
Immune System - by Jane Sheppard
Increasing evidence suggests that
injecting a child with nearly three-dozen doses of 10 different viral and
bacterial vaccines before the age of five, while the immune system is still
developing, can cause chronic immune dysfunction. Randall Neustaedter,
O.M.D., L.Ac points to some of this evidence in his article
Do Vaccines Disable the Immune System?. Vaccines may provide immunity to a
specific disease, but they do not increase overall immunity or create healthier
children. I have seen many anecdotal reports from parents that express
unequivocally how incredibly strong their unvaccinated children’s immune systems
are. My own unvaccinated daughter is remarkably healthy. She’s been “immunized”
with four years of breastmilk, an organic whole foods diet, and plenty of love
and attention. She has never needed an antibiotic. I know her immune system is
strong enough to fight the so-called “deadly” diseases that kids are vaccinated
against. If she does get a serious infection, I am confident her strong immune
system will respond quickly to treatment
MMR-type
vaccine for cattle withdrawn after test fears 15 years ago
A combined vaccine similar to the
controversial MMR jab was withdrawn from use on cattle because it did not work
properly, a leading Scottish vaccine expert has revealed.
As a
cluster of measles cases were reported in an area where parents are boycotting
MMR due to suspected links with autism and bowel disorders,
Dr John March of the government-funded
Moredun Research Institute, warned that vaccines for cattle are tested more
thoroughly than jabs for children.
March believes the measles vaccine
weakens the immune system and
that this can be problematic when it is given at the same time as other live
vaccines, such as mumps and rubella.
He said
it is not known, as yet, whether the MMR vaccine causes autism -- as some
experts have claimed -- but he believes there is the 'potential for problems'.
'Immuno-suppression
can easily be detected and monitored in an individual animal. With current human
vaccine trials this would never be observed,' he said.
A paper
published in the scientific journal Veterinary Record in 1987, the year before
the MMR was licensed in this country, showed that when cows were given a
combined cattle measles and pneumonia vaccine the measles part interfered with
the pneumonia component and weakened the immune system.
Some relevant
journal articles
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11934518&dopt=Abstract
-
-
Acute transverse myelitis after Japanese B encephalitis
vaccination in a 4-year-old girl.
Matsui M, Kawano H, Matsukura M, Otani Y, Miike T.
Department of Child Development, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, 1-1-1
Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
Fourteen days after Japanese B encephalitis (JBE) vaccination, a 4-year-old
girl developed the full clinical manifestation of ATM within 24h. She showed
acute ascending flaccid paraplegia with sensory disturbance, bladder
dysfunction and meningeal sign. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed
neutrophil pleocytosis and elevated protein level. Magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) showed diffuse swelling of the cervical and lumbar cord with low signal
intensity on T1 and high signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging. These
findings suggested that she had developed meningo-radiculomyelopathy.Since
sequential MRI studies showed prompt reduction of the cord swelling, the
high-dose methylprednisolone therapy employed seemed to have been effective
for improvement of inflammation. Even with such potent drug treatment, she
still has substantial flaccid diplegia and sphincter disorder 1 year later,
and so we are convinced that the pathological change of the cord was as severe
as in necrotizing myelopathy. Although the pathological process remains
unknown, cellular autoimmune mechanism against the JBE vaccination is
suspected.
PMID: 11934518 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
-
-
Altered synthesis of interleukin-12 and type 1 and type 2
cytokinesin rhesus macaques during measles and atypical measles.
Polack FP, Hoffman SJ, Moss WJ, Griffin DE.
W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns
Hopkins Bloomberg School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
21205, USA. fpolack@jhsph.edu
Immunosuppression during and after measles results in increased susceptibility
to other infections and 1 million deaths annually. The
mechanism by which measles virus (MV) induces immune suppression is
incompletely understood, but a type 2 skewing of the cytokine response after
infection has been documented. In vitro studies suggest that lack of
interleukin (IL)-12 production by monocytes and dendritic cells plays an early
role in the skewed response. In
addition, immunization with an inactivated measles vaccine before measles
develops appears to lead to an even stronger type 2 skewing of the cytokine
response and atypical measles.
In this study, the cytokine responses in rhesus macaques were compared after
vaccination with live and formalin-inactivated vaccines and after challenge
with MV. In vivo production of IL-12 was decreased during the viremic phase of
the illness, and production of IL-4 was increased during and after atypical
measles, compared with measles.
PMID: 11756976 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
AN: 21629474
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11972986&dopt=Abstract
-
-
Adverse effects of immunotherapeutics involving the immune
system.
Vial T, Choquet-Kastylevsky G, Descotes J.
Poison Center and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Hopital E. Herriot, 5 Place
d'Arsonval, 69437 Cedex 03, Lyon, France. thierry.vial@chu-lyon.fr
Immunotherapeutics
are pharmaceutical products intended to modify immune functions either
directly or indirectly by influencing physiological systems that affect
immunological functions. They include conventional
immunosuppressants,
monoclonal antibodies, recombinant cytokines, gene therapy products or
therapeutic vaccines. A variety of adverse effects involving the immune system
have been described in laboratory animals as well as in the clinic. Some of
these adverse effects can be predicted, at least to some extent, from the
immunopharmacological
profile of these drugs, but a number of unpredicted adverse effects have been
described. Immunosuppression,
allergy, autoimmunity,
immunoactivation are the major
adverse consequences to be expected as illustrated by this overview of the
leading immunotherapeutics
already used in the clinic. These untoward and potentially severe consequences
support the need for a careful preclinical and clinical evaluation of the
immunotoxicity
of these products.
Publication Types:
PMID: 11972986 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11972991&dopt=Abstract
-
-
Vaccines: predicting the risk of allergy and autoimmunity.
Descotes J, Ravel G, Ruat C.
Lyon Poison Centre and INSERM U503, Edouard Herriot Hospital, 69437 Cedex 03,
Lyon, France. jacques.descotes@chu-lyon.fr
The field of vaccines is markedly evolving with the introduction and
development of many new concepts and formulations, as well as new indications.
Based on the current clinical
experience, vaccines can be considered safe in most cases. Nevertheless,
allergy and, to a lesser extent, autoimmunity have repeatedly been described
or suspected as rare adverse consequences of human vaccines. The mechanisms of
these adverse reactions are ill-elucidated, if at all. No animal models
have been adequately standardized and validated to predict the risk of allergy
and autoimmunity associated with vaccines. However, a number of existing
models can be considered for use, but need refinement to be applied to vaccine
evaluation. Finally, because the preclinical safety evaluation has not
received much attention in the past, efforts should be paid to design specific
and cost-effective procedures to meet the current expectations.
Publication Types:
PMID: 11972991 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12047638&dopt=Abstract
-
-
Lichen planus in children: a possible complication of
hepatitis B vaccines.
Limas C, Limas CJ.
Department of Dermatopathology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Lichen
planus
(LP) has been reported as a complication of hepatitis B vaccination in both
adults and children. According to published observations, an autoimmune
reaction may be triggered by the viral S
epitope.
In children, LP is uncommon and, because of its atypical clinical
presentation, definitive diagnosis may require biopsy. We investigated the
possible association of recombinant hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines with
childhood LP or LP-like eruptions seen in our hospital over the last 3 years.
Only biopsy-confirmed cases in which the clinical history could be thoroughly
scrutinized were included. We report five patients less than 16 years of age
in whom such an association could be supported by relevant data. Thirteen
similar pediatric and 15 adult cases have been reported from various countries
in the last 5 years. The data indicate
that LP is a complication that rarely occurs in children receiving the HBV
vaccine. It appears without known predisposing factors and has variable
clinical presentations while the
histologic
findings are consistent and, with minor variations, typical of LP.
PMID: 12047638 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11164115&dopt=Abstract
-
-
Adverse events associated with hepatitis B vaccine in U.S.
children less than six years of age, 1993 and 1994.
Fisher MA, Eklund SA, James SA, Lin X.
Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia
University, Morgantown, USA.
PURPOSE: This study evaluated infrequent adverse reactions to hepatitis B
vaccine by investigating the association of this vaccine with adverse health
outcomes for U.S. children less than six years of age. The evaluation of the
association between hepatitis B vaccine and chronic arthritis provides needed
data, relevant to the Institute of Medicine's Report that there are inadequate
data available to assess the causal relationship of hepatitis B vaccine to
arthritis risk. METHODS: The 1993 (n = 5505 children) and 1994 (n = 6515
children) National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) datasets were analyzed to
provide post-marketing surveillance data from probability samples of the U.S.
population. Incident cases of adverse events were determined from the temporal
association between the hepatitis B vaccination and the adverse events.
Logistic regression modeling was used to adjust for potential confounding.
RESULTS: Controlling for age, race, and gender simultaneously in the 1994 NHIS,
hepatitis B vaccine was found to be
associated with prevalent arthritis [odds ratio (OR) = 5.91, 95%
confidence interval (CI) = 1.05-33.14],
incident acute ear infections
(OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.00-2.58), and
incident pharyngitis/nasopharyngitis
(OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 0.95-2.09). CONCLUSIONS:
Evidence from this study suggests that
hepatitis B vaccine is positively associated with adverse health outcomes in
the general population of US children.
PMID: 11164115 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11174412&dopt=Abstract
-
-
Childhood bullous pemphigoid developed after the first
vaccination.
Baykal C, Okan G, Sarica R.
Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University,
Turkey. baykalc@istambul.edu.tr
Bullous
pemphigoid
(BP) typically affects the elderly. There are at least 40 reported cases of BP
in childhood, 10 reported cases at 1 year of age or younger. The antigen of
this autoimmune disease is localized to the
hemidesmosome.
Neoplasia,
recurrent trauma, some systemic diseases, and psoriasis were previously
reported as possible triggering factors of
bullous
pemphigoid
in some cases. In the last 5 years, 10 adult and 2 infantile BP cases with a
close relation of vaccination have been reported. Anti-influenza vaccine,
tetanus toxoid
booster, and tetracoq
vaccine were the possible causes of these cases. We report herein a
3.5-month-old BP case in whom the lesions developed 24 hours after the first
tetracoq
vaccine. We suggest that vaccination may be the triggering factor of BP of any
age by stimulating the immune system with an unexplained mechanism.
PMID: 11174412 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11390494&dopt=Abstract
-
Suppression of immune response and protective immunity to a
Japanese encephalitis virus DNA vaccine by coadministration of an
IL-12-expressing plasmid.
Chen HW, Pan CH, Huan HW, Liau MY, Chiang JR, Tao MH.
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
IL-12 plays a central role in both
innate and acquired immunity and has been demonstrated to
potentiate
the protective immunity in several experimental vaccines. However, in this
study, we show that IL-12 can be detrimental to the immune responses elicited
by a plasmid DNA vaccine. Coadministration of the IL-12-expressing
plasmid (pIL-12) significantly suppressed the protective immunity elicited by
a plasmid DNA vaccine (pE) encoding the envelope protein of Japanese
encephalitis virus. This suppressive effect was associated with marked
reduction of specific T cell proliferation and Ab responses. A single dose of
pIL-12 treatment with plasmid pE in initial priming resulted in significant
immune suppression to subsequent pE booster immunization. The pIL-12-mediated
immune suppression was dose dependent and evident only when the IL-12 gene was
injected either before or coincident with the pE DNA vaccine. Finally, using
IFN-gamma gene-disrupted mice, we showed that the suppressive activity of the
IL-12 plasmid was dependent upon endogenous production of IFN-gamma.
These results demonstrate that
coexpression
of the IL-12 gene can sometimes produce untoward effects to immune responses,
and thus its application as a vaccine adjuvant should be carefully evaluated.
PMID: 11390494 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11251877&dopt=Abstract
-
-
Immunomodulation using bacterial enterotoxins.
Simmons CP, Ghaem-Magami M, Petrovska L, Lopes L, Chain BM, Williams NA,
Dougan G.
Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science Technology and
Medicine, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK. c.simmons@ic.ac.uk
Immunologic unresponsiveness
(tolerance) is a key feature of the mucosal immune system, and deliberate
vaccination by a mucosal route can effectively induce immune suppression.
However, some bacterial-derived proteins, e.g. cholera toxin and the heat
labile toxin of Escherichia coli, are immunogenic and immunomodulatory at
mucosal surfaces and can effectively adjuvant immune responses to codelivered
bystander antigens. This review summarizes some of the structural and
biological characteristics of these toxins and provides examples of how these
properties have been exploited for tolerance induction and mucosal vaccine
development.
Publication Types:
PMID: 11251877 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
AN: 21150545
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11315360&dopt=Abstract
-
Vaccination and systemic lupus erythematosus: the
bidirectional dilemmas.
Aron-Maor A, Shoenfeld Y.
Department of Internal Medicine B and Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba
Medical Center, Sacklea Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer,
Israel.
Vaccination has been perhaps the most important achievement in medicine of the
last century. A hoard of infectious diseases that used to claim the lives of
many, especially children, have been prevented and some even eradicated.
However, it is possible that within
this gift there is hidden a 'Trojan Horse'. During the last decade increasing
numbers of reports regarding possible autoimmune side effects of vaccination,
have been published. The existing data does not link the vaccines and the
autoimmune phenomena observed in a causal relationship, nevertheless a
temporal connection has been described. In this article we wish to address in
particular the possible link between vaccines and systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE), namely two aspects of this inter-relationship: the occurrence of SLE
following vaccination and outcome of immunization of known SLE patients.
Publication Types:
PMID: 11315360 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
AN: 21213180
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11334488&dopt=Abstract
-
-
Bcg and autoimmunity: another two-edged sword.
Shoenfeld Y, Aron-Maor A, Tanai A, Ehrenfeld M.
Department of Internal Medicine B and C and the Research Center for Autoimmune
Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. shoenfel@post.tau.ac.il
BCG
immunotherapy for bladder carcinoma has been a long-standing treatment
modality that has proved itself efficient and safe. Most of the side-effects
of this treatment are minor and of short duration. There have been,
nevertheless, several reports regarding more severe and long-term
complications of BCG
therapy-namely inflammatory arthritis, and occasionally systemic autoimmune
manifestations. Here, we present four cases of patients who received
intravesical
instillation with BCG
for bladder carcinoma and developed long-standing inflammatory arthritis. One
of these patients developed Reiter's syndrome. We also refer to the possible
immune mechanisms by which BCG
can trigger arthritis, as well as to the link between
mycobacterial
infection, BCG
immunotherapy and autoimmunity. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.
PMID: 11334488 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11335699&dopt=Abstract
-
Central nervous system disease in patients with macrophagic
myofasciitis.
Authier FJ, Cherin P, Creange A, Bonnotte B, Ferrer X, Abdelmoumni A,
Ranoux D, Pelletier J, Figarella-Branger D, Granel B, Maisonobe T, Coquet M,
Degos JD, Gherardi RK.
Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches sur le Muscle et le Nerf (GERMEN, EA
Universite Paris XII-Val de Marne), Faculte de Medecine de Creteil,
Departement de Pathologie, Hopital Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Creteil, France.
authier@univ-paris12.fr
Macrophagic
myofasciitis
(MMF),
a condition newly recognized in France, is manifested by diffuse
myalgias
and characterized by highly specific
myopathological
alterations which have recently been shown to represent an unusually
persistent local reaction to intramuscular injections of
aluminium-containing
vaccines. Among 92 MMF patients recognized so far, eight of them, which
included the seven patients reported here, had a symptomatic demyelinating CNS
disorder. CNS manifestations included hemisensory or sensorimotor symptoms
(four out of seven), bilateral pyramidal signs (six out of seven), cerebellar
signs (four out of seven), visual loss (two out of seven), cognitive and
behavioural disorders (one out of seven) and bladder dysfunction (one out of
seven). Brain T(2)-weighted MRI showed single (two out of seven) or multiple
(four out of seven) supratentorial white matter hyperintense signals and
corpus callosum atrophy (one out of seven). Evoked potentials were abnormal in
four out of six patients and CSF in four out of seven. According to Poser's
criteria for multiple sclerosis, the diagnosis was clinically definite (five
out of seven) or clinically probable multiple sclerosis (two out of seven).
Six out of seven patients had diffuse myalgias. Deltoid muscle biopsy showed
stereotypical accumulations of PAS (periodic acid-Schiff)-positive
macrophages, sparse CD8+ T cells and minimal myofibre damage. Aluminium-containing
vaccines had been administered 3-78 months (median = 33 months) before muscle
biopsy (hepatitis B virus: four out of seven, tetanus toxoid: one out of
seven, both hepatitis B virus and tetanus toxoid: two out of seven).
The association between
MMF
and multiple sclerosis-like disorders may give new insights into the
controversial issues surrounding vaccinations and
demyelinating
CNS disorders. Deltoid muscle biopsy searching for myopathological
alterations of MMF should be performed in multiple sclerosis patients with
diffuse myalgias.
PMID: 11335699 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11735306&dopt=Abstract
-
-
Vaccines and the risk of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM):
potential mechanism of action.
Classen JB, Classen DC.
Classen Immunotherapies Inc., 6517 Montrose Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21212, USA.
Classen@vaccines.net
Immunization with a number of
different vaccines, including live and killed vaccines, has been linked to the
development of insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes in humans and animals.
Multiple different mechanisms have been proposed to explain the association
between vaccines and diabetes. The current paper reviews multiple different
mechanisms by which vaccines are known to manipulate the immune system and can
induce an autoimmune disease such as type 1 diabetes. Genetic
variability may determine which of these pathways, or possible other pathways,
predominate in an individual following immunization. Copyright 2001 Harcourt
Publishers Ltd.
Publication Types:
PMID: 11735306 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11824181&dopt=Abstract
Acute autoimmune hemolytic anemia following DTP
vaccination: report of a fatal case and review of the literature.
Downes KA, Domen RE, McCarron KF, Bringelsen KA.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland,
Ohio, USA.
Publication Types:
- Review
- Review of Reported Cases
PMID: 11824181 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10648110&dopt=Abstract
-
-
Vaccination and autoimmunity-'vaccinosis': a dangerous
liaison?
Shoenfeld Y, Aron-Maor A.
Department of Internal Medicine B, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
shoefel@post.tau.ac.il
The question of a connection between
vaccination and autoimmune illness (or phenomena) is surrounded by
controversy. A heated debate is going on regarding the causality between
vaccines, such as measles and anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV), and multiple
sclerosis (MS). Brain antibodies as well as clinical symptoms have been found
in patients vaccinated against those diseases. Other autoimmune illnesses have
been associated with vaccinations. Tetanus
toxoid,
influenza vaccines, polio vaccine, and others, have been related to phenomena
ranging from autoantibodies
production to full-blown illness (such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA)).
Conflicting data exists regarding also the connection between autism and
vaccination with measles
vaccine.So far only one
controlled study of an experimental animal model has been published, in which
the possible causal relation between vaccines and autoimmune findings has been
examined: in healthy puppies immunized with a variety of commonly given
vaccines, a variety of
autoantibodies have been
documented but no frank autoimmune illness was recorded. The findings could
also represent a polyclonal activation (adjuvant reaction). The mechanism (or
mechanisms) of autoimmune reactions following immunization has not yet been
elucidated. One of the possibilities is molecular mimicry; when a
structural similarity exists between some viral antigen (or other component of
the vaccine) and a self-antigen. This similarity may be the trigger to the
autoimmune reaction. Other possible mechanisms are discussed.Even though the
data regarding the relation between vaccination and autoimmune disease is
conflicting, it seems that some autoimmune phenomena are clearly related to
immunization (e.g. Guillain-Barre syndrome).The issue of the risk of
vaccination remains a philosophical one, since to date the advantages of this
policy have not been refuted, while the risk for autoimmune disease has not
been irrevocably proved. We discuss
the pros and cons of this issue (although the temporal relationship (i.e.
always 2-3 months following immunization) is impressive). Copyright
2000 Academic Press.
Publication Types:
PMID: 10648110 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10812488&dopt=Abstract
-
Comment on:
Vaccination as an additional player in the mosaic of
autoimmunity.
Shoenfeld Y, Aharon-Maor A, Sherer Y.
Publication Types:
- Comment
- Editorial
- Review
- Review, Tutorial
PMID: 10812488 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
AN: 20272368
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10777011&dopt=Abstract
-
Medical history and risk of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's
lymphomas.
Tavani A, La Vecchia C, Franceschi S, Serraino D, Carbone A.
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy. tavani@irfmn.mnegri.it
The relationship between a history of selected medical conditions and risk of
lymphomas was investigated in a hospital-based case-control study conducted in
Northern Italy on 429 incident, histologically confirmed cases of
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), 158 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD) and 1157
controls admitted to hospitals for acute conditions. The odds ratios (OR) for
NHL were above unity in patients with a history of infectious mononucleosis
(OR 2.9), herpes zoster (OR 1.8), pyelonephritis (OR 4.9), tuberculosis (OR
1.8), malaria (OR 1.9), any chronic bacterial diseases (OR 1.7), rheumatoid
arthritis (OR 1.7) and psoriasis (OR 2.5). With reference to HD, the ORs were
4.0 for infectious mononucleosis, 2.9 for herpes zoster, 3.3 for
pyelonephritis, 2.3 for tuberculosis, 1.4 for chronic bacterial diseases, 2.4
for rheumatoid arthritis, 2.7 for psoriasis and 2.1 for diabetes. The
association of NHL and HD with herpes zoster was restricted to the first ten
years since the onset of the disease. The relationships between NHL and
mononucleosis (OR 12.9), malaria (OR 2.8) and psoriasis (OR 14.0) were
stronger for cases aged > or = 60 years, and that with tuberculosis (OR 3.5)
was stronger for younger cases. For HD, the positive association was stronger
for cases aged > or = 40 years for herpes zoster (OR 3.8) and diabetes (OR
2.6). An increased risk of NHL was
found in association with poliomyelitis (OR 1.6) (restricted to cases aged >
or = 60 years, OR 4.0) and BCG
immunizations (OR 1.6), but not with vaccination against smallpox, tetanus and
diphtheria; increased risks of HD were found in relation to
poliomyelitis and BCG immunization in cases aged > or = 40 years (OR
respectively 2.5 and 2.1), or > or = 50 years (OR 4.3 and 2.2). Thus, our
results confirm the association between a history of several chronic
infectious and inflammatory diseases and the risk of NHL or HD, and are
compatible with a role of chronic immunological alterations in the aetiology
of lymphomas.
PMID: 10777011 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10743286&dopt=Abstract
-
Comment in:
Vaccine adverse events in the new millennium: is there
reason for concern?
Ward BJ.
McGill Center for Tropical Diseases, Montreal General Hospital, Quebec,
Canada. cybj@musica.mcgill.ca
As more and more infectious agents
become targets for immunization
programmes,
the spectrum of adverse events linked to vaccines has been widening. Although
some of these links are tenuous, relatively little is known about the
immunopathogenesis
of even the best characterized vaccine-associated adverse events (VAAEs).
The range of possible use of active immunization is rapidly expanding to
include vaccines against infectious diseases that require cellular responses
to provide protection (e.g. tuberculosis, herpes viral infections),
therapeutic vaccines for chronic infections (e.g. human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) infection, viral hepatitis B and C), and vaccines against non-infectious
conditions (e.g. cancer, autoimmune diseases). Less
virulent pathogens (e.g.
varicella,
rotavirus in the developed world) are also beginning to be targeted, and
vaccine use is being justified in terms of societal and parental "costs"
rather than in straightforward morbidity and mortality costs.
In the developed world the
paediatric immunization
schedule is becoming crowded, with pressure to administer increasing numbers
of antigens simultaneously in ever simpler forms (e.g. subcomponent, peptide,
and DNA vaccines). This trend, while attractive in many ways, brings
hypothetical risks (e.g. genetic restriction, narrowed shield of protection,
and loss of randomness), which will need to be evaluated and monitored. The
available epidemiological and laboratory tools to address the issues outlined
above are somewhat limited. As
immunological and genetic tools improve in the years ahead, it is likely that
we shall be able to explain the
immunopathogenesis
of many VAAEs
and perhaps even anticipate and avoid some of them. However, this will only
happen if the human and financial resources needed for monitoring and studying
vaccine safety stay in step with the accelerating pace of vaccine development.
Failure to make such a commitment would put all immunization
programmes
at risk.
Publication Types:
PMID: 10743286 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10774273&dopt=Abstract
-
Comment in:
Comment on:
The good, the bad and the ugly of vaccination.
Aharon-Maor A, Shoenfeld Y.
From the article:
During the last decade reports have accumulated on various side effects of
vaccines that previously were not observed, or perhaps not acknowledged.
These include an entire range of autoimmune phenomena, and even full-blown
illnesses, temporally related to the administration of vaccines. To be
sure, vaccination is starting to emerge as a more complex issue than
previously considered.
Publication Types:
PMID: 10774273 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9714670&dopt=Abstract
-
-
A shadow falls on hepatitis B vaccination effort.
Marshall E.
Publication Types:
PMID: 9714670 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9719468&dopt=Abstract
-
-
Plasmid DNA: a new era in vaccinology.
Mor G.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University School of Medicine,
New Haven, CT 06520-8063, USA. gm78@email.med.yale.edu
DNA vaccination is a novel approach for inducing an immune response. Purified
plasmid DNA containing an antigen's coding sequences and the necessary
regulatory elements to express them is introduced into the tissue via
intramuscular injection or particle bombardment. Once the DNA reaches the
tissue, the antigen is expressed in enough quantity to induce a potent and
specific immune response and to confer protection against further infections.
The effectiveness of DNA vaccines against viruses, parasites, and cancer cells
has been demonstrated in numerous animal models. This new approach comes as an
aid for the prevention of infectious diseases for which the conventional
vaccines have failed. Research on DNA vaccines is providing new insights into
some of the basic immunological mechanisms of vaccination such as antigen
presentation, the role of effector cells, and immunoregulatory factors. In
addition, DNA vaccines may enable us to manipulate the immune system in
situations where the response to agents is inappropriate or ineffective.
The study of the potential deleterious
effects of DNA vaccines is furthering our knowledge regarding the relationship
between bacterial DNA and the immune system, as well as its potential
application for the study of neonatal tolerance and autoimmunity.
PMID: 9719468 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9382736&dopt=Abstract
-
Distinct immunological states in murine cutaneous
leishmaniasis by immunising with different amounts of antigen: the generation
of beneficial, potentially harmful, harmful and potentially extremely harmful
states.
Bretscher PA, Ogunremi O, Menon JN.
Department of Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Infection of BALB/c mice with a standard and substantial number of Leishmania
major parasites results in progressive disease, following the induction of a
parasite-specific Th2 response. These mice have been designated as
"susceptible" on this basis. We show that distinct types of immune response
can be generated in "susceptible" BALB/c mice depending upon the number of
parasites employed for infection, and that the pathophysiological consequences
of such distinct responses are dramatically different. Infection with very low
numbers of parasites results in the exclusive induction of a cell-mediated,
Th1 response, and the generation of resistance to the standard and substantial
challenge. Spleen cells from such resistant mice can confer resistance upon
normal mice when transferred to them, but these spleen cells do not contain T
cells expressing DTH or Th1 effector cells that produce IFN gamma on short
term culture (48 hrs) with parasite antigen. The immune response in this case
appears to result in the virtual elimination of parasites from the lymph node
draining the site of infection and, by implication, from the infected mouse.
We suggest that such elimination results in the absence of antigen stimulation
and hence of effector T cells, and that "memory Th1 cells" are responsible for
the capacity of spleen cells to confer resistance on normal mice. We predict
such mice will not suffer parasitemia upon immune suppression, i.e. are not
susceptible to reactivation disease. This is the "beneficial state". In
contrast to this infection with a very low number of parasites infection with
a low number usually results in one of two states: (i) The generation of a
response with a very small Th2 component, production of a small amount of
antibody, chronic parasitemia and hence chronic generation of
parasite-specific effector Th1/Th2 cells, or (ii) The generation of a response
with a greater Th2 component, the production of more antibody, the formation
of a frank lesion, and the long term generation of a stable, mixed Th1/Th2
response. We refer to the latter state as borderline leishmaniasis in analogy
with borderline leprosy. Parasites can be recovered from the draining lymph
node in both these cases many months after infection. We therefore believe
that mice infected with a low number of parasites, that harbour a chronic
subclinical infection, will suffer reactivation disease upon immune
suppression, and we consequently designate the state generated as potentially
harmful. We consider mice with borderline disease to be in a harmful state.
Mice immunised with high doses of parasite antigen produce in the long term
Th2 responses, whereas those immunised with lower doses produce Th1 responses.
Mice immunised to produce a Th2 response were subsequently infected with a
very low number of parasites that is normally contained. The generation of a
Th2 response results in the generation of a Th2 imprint, such that the
response to the low dose infection is modulated from a Th1 to a Th2 mode,
resulting in progressive disease. We
argue that immunisation/vaccination, resulting in a state that deviates the
protective response to a non-protective mode, may result in epidemics. Such a
state has the potential for being extremely harmful.
Publication Types:
PMID: 9382736 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
AN: 98020880
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8648203&dopt=Abstract
-
The effect of Edmonston-Zagreb and Schwarz measles vaccines
on immune response in infants.
Hussey GD, Goddard EA, Hughes J, Ryon JJ, Kerran M, Carelse E, Strebel PM,
Markowitz LE, Moodie J, Barron P, Latief Z, Sayed R, Beatty D, Griffin DE.
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, South
Africa.
The effects of measles immunization on immune responses in infants and the
roles of vaccine strain and age of immunization are not known. Eighty-eight
children were immunized at 6 or 9 months of age with the Edmonston-Zagreb (EZ)
or Schwarz (SW6, SW9) strain of measles vaccine. Children were studied before
and 2 weeks and 3 months after immunization. Seroconversion was similar, but
geometric mean neutralizing titers at 3 months differed by vaccine group: SW9,
1367 mIU/mL; SW6, 982; and EZ, 303 (P = .003). Mitogen-induced
lymphoproliferation was decreased at 2 weeks in the SW9 group and at 3 months
in all groups and was negatively correlated with measles antibody level at 3
months (r = -.387, P = .003). CD8 T cells, soluble CD8, neopterin, and
beta2-microglobulin were increased at 2 weeks in the SW9 group, and soluble
CD8 and beta2-microglobulin remained elevated at 3 months.
Therefore, measles immunization
resulted in suppression of lymphoproliferation, which was most evident in
infants with the highest antibody responses and most immune activation.
Publication Types:
- Clinical Trial
- Controlled Clinical Trial
PMID: 8648203 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8814065&dopt=Abstract
-
Erratum in:
- Arthritis Rheum 1996 Nov;39(11):1930
Chronic arthropathy and musculoskeletal symptoms associated
with rubella vaccines. A review of 124 claims submitted to the National
Vaccine Injury Compensation Program.
Weibel RE, Benor DE.
National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, US Public Health Service,
Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To report the outcome of 124 claims of chronic arthropathy
associated with rubella vaccine submitted to the National Vaccine Injury
Compensation Program. METHODS: Medical records and testimony were reviewed
separately by physicians and Special Masters to determine the clinical
diagnosis and eligibility for compensation under the Program. RESULTS: Among
the 124 subjects with chronic arthropathy, the onset occurred between 1 week
and 6 weeks after the rubella vaccination in 72, and < 1 week or > 6 weeks
after the vaccination in 52. Various conditions developed in the 2 onset
groups (1-6 weeks postvaccination, < 1 week or > 6 weeks postvaccination),
including, respectively, unspecified arthritis (n = 29, n = 1), specified
arthritis (n = 11, n = 19), arthralgia (n = 24, n = 7), fibromyalgia (n = 4, n
= 11), and multiple symptoms with minimal arthralgia or myalgia (n = 4, n =
14). Concordance of medical recommendations by Program physicians and Special
Masters' decisions in 56 completed claims was 91%, with awards mainly to
patients with chronic unspecified arthritis and arthralgia. CONCLUSION:
The Program and the US Court of
Federal Claims have accepted a causal relationship between currently used
rubella vaccine in the US and some chronic
arthropathy
with an onset between 1 week and 6 weeks after vaccine administration.
PMID: 8814065 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9115571&dopt=Abstract
-
-
Vaccine-induced autoimmunity.
Cohen AD, Shoenfeld Y.
Department of Medicine B & Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer,
Israel.
The current review summarizes case reports attributing autoimmune diseases and
phenomena to various vaccines and suggests potential mechanisms. It has to be
emphasized that the demonstration of a temporal relationship does not
necessarily attribute autoimmunity to a vaccine. The subject is complicated by
the fact that one vaccine may cause more than one autoimmune phenomenon, and a
particular immune process may be caused by more than one vaccine. Furthermore,
vaccines differ in their pathogenic influence on the immune system. There is
no doubt that the new recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccine is different from
mumps, measles and rubella vaccines in its ability to trigger autoimmunity,
probably by completely different mechanisms. The data summarized here suggest
that some vaccines may in rare cases induce autoimmune disorders. The subject
of the vaccine-autoimmunity relationship is still obscure; reports have been
rare, no laboratory experimentation on this topic has been undertaken, and
there are few animal models. For the time being no conclusions can be
drawn. Since vaccines are an important prophylactic intervention, the
risk-benefit ratio clearly leans towards the advantages of infectious disease
prevention. Vaccination routines should not be changed in the healthy
population or for patients with known autoimmune disorders. Laborious clinical
and laboratory studies should be initiated in order to evaluate the new
emerging subject of vaccine-induced autoimmunity.
Publication Types:
PMID: 9115571 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8762935&dopt=Abstract
-
[Postvaccination myelitis. Aspect and course followed by
MRI]
[Article in French]
Abdennebi A, Dumas JL, Salama J, Benromdhane H, Belin C, Goldlust D.
Service de Radiologie, Hopital Avicenne, Bobigny, France.
We report the assessment by MRI of a
case of radiculomyelitis
after vaccination against tetanus-poliomyelitis. In the acute stage the
appearance was an isolated myelitis of the conus medullaris with contrast
enhancement. The upper thoracic cord presented central areas of high signal
intensity on T2 weighted images. Rapid clinical recovery was correlated with
resolution of abnormal enhancement. Follow-up MR at 5 months showed
persistence of slight T2 prolongation in the conus medullaris and
syringohydromyela of the thoracic cord. A single lesion of the spinal cord is
a rare presentation of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, the course of
such lesions, to date not previously displayed by MR, is unknown. Proper
diagnosis should help prevent administration of further vaccine doses.
PMID: 8762935 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7793384&dopt=Abstract
-
-
MR imaging in a case of postvaccination myelitis.
Tartaglino LM, Heiman-Patterson T, Friedman DP, Flanders AE.
Department of Radiology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa. 19107,
USA.
We describe a case of acute transverse
myelitis
after the administration of the recombinant form of hepatitis B vaccine.
Abnormal enhancement of MR
imaging accompanied residual
neurologic deficit.
PMID: 7793384 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7600179&dopt=Abstract
-
Hypothesis: is Alzheimer's disease a metal-induced immune
disorder?
Armstrong RA, Winsper SJ, Blair JA.
Aston University, Birmingham.
A hypothesis that a metal-induced immune disorder may be involved in the
pathogenesis of some forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is presented. The
classical complement pathway is activated in AD and T cells and reactive
microglia appear in the brain. Studies
of metal induced autoimmunity and the use of compounds containing
aluminium
as vaccine adjuvants suggest that metals can activate complement and can be
taken up by antigen presenting cells. The consequent immune response could
contribute to neuronal damage, beta-amyloid
deposition and cell death. The strengths and weaknesses of this
hypothesis are discussed and tests of some aspects are proposed.
PMID: 7600179 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7835178&dopt=Abstract
-
Bilateral optic neuritis with branch retinal artery
occlusion associated with vaccination.
van de Geijn EJ, Tukkie R, van Philips LA, Punt H.
Department of Ophthalmology, Central Military Hospital, Utrecht, The
Netherlands.
A case of a 40-year old marine with bilateral optic neuritis and a branch
retinal artery occlusion after vaccination is presented. Blood investigations
showed no abnormalities. Cerebrospinal fluid studies revealed a lymphocytic
pleocytosis and IgG antibodies against hepatitis A and rabies. Computerized
tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were negative.
A diagnosis of vaccine-induced
auto-immune demyelinative
optic neuritis was made. The clinical picture improved after systemic
corticosteroid treatment.
PMID: 7835178 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7938876&dopt=Abstract
-
[Rheumatological manifestations following hepatitis B
vaccination. A report of 2 clinical cases]
[Article in Italian]
Biasi D, Carletto A, Caramaschi P, Frigo A, Pacor ML, Bezzi D, Bambara LM.
Istituto di Patologia Speciale Medica, Universita, Verona.
In the literature there are a few occasional case reports of rheumatic
manifestations following vaccination. The link between vaccination and
musculoskeletal complaints was established on the grounds of the chronological
succession between the two events. The occurrence of an individual genetic
predisposition has been stressed many times.
With regard to
immunopathological
mechanisms, it has been proposed the vaccination as a trigger of a very
autoimmune disease or an immune complex-induced disease. In this paper we
describe two females who underwent vaccination against hepatitis B virus.
One complained of polyarticular pain that, even if self-limiting, was
accompanied by the positivity of RA-test and Waaler-Rose reaction; the other
showed migratory arthritis, urticaria and oedema of the glottis and the upper
lip, all successfully treated with a short course of corticosteroids. We think
these reports are of interest at the time when vaccination against hepatitis B
virus is becoming a mass practice.
Publication Types:
- Review
- Review of Reported Cases
PMID: 7938876 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8495082&dopt=Abstract
-
Acute thrombocytopenic purpura following measles, mumps and
rubella vaccination. A report on 23 patients.
Nieminen U, Peltola H, Syrjala MT, Makipernaa A, Kekomaki R.
Finnish Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Helsinki.
An acute thrombocytopenic
purpura
developed shortly after measles-mumps-rubella vaccination in 23 of
approximately 700,000 children immunized over a period of seven years. The
mean interval from inoculation to the onset of
purpura
was 19 days. Bone marrow aspirates obtained from 13 patients showed
increased or normal amounts of megakaryocytes. Platelet survival time was
markedly shortened in the two patients studied. Fifteen patients recovered
(the platelet count exceeded 100 x 10(9)/l) in one month, five in two months
and two in six months. Increase in platelet-associated immunoglobulin was
detected in 10 of 15 patients. Circulating antiplatelet autoantibodies (AAb)
against glycoprotein IIb/IIIa were detected in 5 of 15 patients.
The findings are compatible with an
autoimmune mechanism triggered by immune response to measles-mumps-rubella
vaccination. As evaluated by the clinical course and the presence of
AAb,
post-vaccination thrombocytopenic