Isolation of vaccine-derived type 1 polioviruses displaying
similar properties to virulent wild strain Mahoney from sewage in Japan.
Horie H, Yoshida H, Matsuura K, Miyazawa M, Wakabayashi K, Nomoto A,
Hashizume S.
Japan Poliomyelitis Research Institute, Higashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, Japan.
Type 1, 2, and 3 vaccine-derived polioviruses were isolated from a sewage
disposal plant located downstream of the Oyabe River in Toyama Prefecture,
Japan, between October 1993 and September 1995. Neurovirulence was analyzed in
13 type 1 vaccine-derived strains, using mutant analysis by polymerase chain
reaction and restriction enzyme cleavage (MAPREC). Nine strains (69%) were
estimated to have marked neurovirulence. Some of the neutralizing antigenic
sites, temperature sensitivity, and plaque-forming ability of two virulent
vaccine-derived poliovirus strains were similar to Mahoney strain. The
neutralizing activity of human sera obtained after oral poliomyelitis vaccine
(OPV) administration against one of the virulent vaccine-derived polioviruses
was examined. Although all human sera showed sufficient neutralizing activity
for the prevention of poliomyelitis by vaccine-derived poliovirus strains, a
lower titer than that against Sabin type 1 strain was observed. Vaccination
against virulent vaccine-derived poliovirus will be effective. However, the
environmental presence of viruses that have properties similar to those Mahoney
strain is a threat. The introduction of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV),
and well-maintained herd immunity, together with reinforced environmental
surveillance is important for the final phase of the polio eradication program
by the World Health Organization (WHO). J. Med. Virol. 68:445-451, 2002.
Copyright 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
ALL INFORMATION, DATA, AND
MATERIAL CONTAINED, PRESENTED, OR PROVIDED HERE IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION
PURPOSES ONLY AND IS NOT TO BE CONSTRUED AS REFLECTING THE KNOWLEDGE OR OPINIONS
OF THE PUBLISHER, AND IS NOT TO BE CONSTRUED OR INTENDED AS PROVIDING MEDICAL OR
LEGAL ADVICE. THE DECISION WHETHER OR NOT TO VACCINATE IS AN IMPORTANT AND
COMPLEX ISSUE AND SHOULD BE MADE BY YOU, AND YOU ALONE, IN CONSULTATION WITH
YOUR HEALTH CARE PROVIDER.
Links 