WHO estimates that currently there are 40 million individuals living
with HIV and there are 16 000 new infections daily, worldwide.
The best strategy to control the AIDS epidemic would be the
development of an effective vaccine. New strategies for
vaccine development have gained momentum over the past decade,
some of which show greater promise in macaque models than did
earlier protein-subunit or recombinant-canarypox strategies.
These new vaccines include DNA vaccines and live viral
vectors, and have been based on the generation of high levels
of antiviral T cells. These vaccines do not prevent infection,
but rather control virus replication with a rapid expansion
and then contraction of antiviral T cells in response to the
challenge infection. These recent vaccine successes in
macaques raise hope that a vaccine can be developed that will
successfully limit both the development of AIDS and viral
transmission.
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