By JOHN LANGONE

odily decay is gloomy in prospect," Thomas Jefferson observed, "but of all human contemplations the most abhorrent is body without mind." True enough, but while one may readily entertain such a gloomy thought, there are, this author says, some things we can do to keep our brains fit, our minds alert and our defenses against memory loss boosted.

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Written by a neurologist/neuro- psychiatrist at the University of Southern California, the book offers a number of steps to fight against the decline of brain function.

"The massive explosion of neuroscience knowledge is finally putting the power of brain protection in our hands," Dr. Victoroff writes. "We are finally coming to see the deep roots of brain change and the realistic possibility of preventing and delaying cognitive loss."

Dr. Victoroff's "adventure in neuroprotection" is based on the premise that genes alone are not brain destiny and that billions of external influences and dozens of lifestyle decisions also have profound effects on the health of the brain. Apart from some of the more familiar remedies he offers — a more natural diet, physical activity, controlling stress and blood pressure — he advises readers to "avoid head trauma like the bubonic plague," citing some evidence that has found a high rate of past head trauma in Alzheimer's patients.

Dr. Victoroff's vision of the future is optimistic: replacement parts for "broken brains" routinely inserted, "smart drugs" and a revolution in the treatment of strokes. But until then, he advises pursuing "the pleasures of the learning-nourished mind," but not with "dull mental exercises."

"Saving Your Brain," by Dr. Jeff Victoroff, Bantam Books, $25.95.