MEDSCAPE's Infectious Diseases MedPulse 10-19-01

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>>> MEDSCAPE's Infectious Diseases MedPulse(R) <<<

http://id.medscape.com

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Valcyte(TM) (valganciclovir) now available for the treatment of CMV

retinitis for patients living with AIDS.

Valcyte, 2-450 mg tablets taken orally achieved systemic exposure of

ganciclovir comparable to that delivered by intravenous ganciclovir

(5mg/kg). Dosage adjustment required for patients with impaired renal

function.

The clinical toxicity of Valcyte, which is metabolized to

ganciclovir, includes granulocytopenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia.

In animal studies ganciclovir was carcinogenic, teratogenic and caused

aspermatogenesis.

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MedPulse is a weekly index of key news and features on Medscape's

specialty sites compiled by Medscape's Editors.

_______________________________________________________________________

___________________ NEW FEATURE ARTICLES THIS WEEK ____________________

ANTHRAX: WHAT EVERY CLINICIAN SHOULD KNOW

If you missed the live broadcast, this recording of the webcast from the

CDC presents clinical guidelines and procedures for the early recognition,

diagnosis, treatment, and reporting of anthrax exposure. A panel of experts

from the CDC provide an overview of clinical, laboratory and public health

preparedness for potential Bacillus anthracis incidence. Sponsored by the

American Hospital Assn., American Medical Assn., Public Health Training

Network, CDC, and the University of North Carolina School of Public Health.

http://www.medscape.com/webcast/anthrax

<a href="http://www.medscape.com/webcast/anthrax">click here</a>

-- MEDSCAPE ORIGINAL ARTICLES --

FOODBORNE DISEASES UPDATE: CURRENT TRENDS IN FOODBORNE DISEASES

Twenty years ago, foodborne disease was generally considered to be little

more than a social inconvenience.

Medscape Infectious Disease, 2001

http://id.medscape.com/43969.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

JOURNAL SCAN - INFECTIOUS DISEASES 4(10)

David Haburchak, MD, summarizes and comments on important new publications,

including:

-- H pylori and Gastric Cancer

-- Community-Acquired MRSA

-- Campylobacter and IBS

-- Fever in Returned Travelers

http://id.medscape.com/43964.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

INTERVIEWS WITH 2001 NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS FOR MEDICINE

Cancer cell pioneers Dr. Leland Hartwell and Dr. Paul Nurse are recipients

of the 2001 Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine. Read exclusive

interviews with these prominent scientists in MedGenMed.

-- Leland Hartwell, PhD

http://www.medscape.com/43976.rhtml

-- Sir Paul Nurse, PhD

http://www.medscape.com/43963.rhtml

BOOK REVIEW - EDITORIAL PEER REVIEW: ITS STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES

A new book offers an assessment of this system of structured, critical

review by subject experts.

MedGenMed, October 16, 2001

http://id.medscape.com/43865.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

MEDLINE ABSTRACTS - LYME DISEASE VACCINE

What's the latest in Lyme disease prevention and vaccination prophylaxis?

Find out in this easy-to-navigate collection of recent MEDLINE abstracts

compiled by the editors at Medscape Pharmacotherapy.

Medscape Pharmacotherapy, 2001

http://id.medscape.com/43968.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

MEDLINE ABSTRACTS - EFFECTS OF HEPATITIS C COINFECTION ON HIV-RELATED OUTCOMES

What's new concerning the effect of hepatitis C virus coinfection on HIV

disease progression and response to antiretroviral therapy? Find out in

this easy-to-navigate compilation of MEDLINE and conference abstracts

compiled by the editors at Medscape.

Medscape HIV/AIDS 7(5), 2001

http://id.medscape.com/43944.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- OTHER JOURNALS --

FOURNIER GANGRENE FOLLOWING VASECTOMY

A healthy 27-year-old man undrwent a bilateral vasectomy at an outside

institution. The patient had no history of diabetes, genitourinary tract

infection, or skin disease to suggest a susceptibility to bacterial infections.

Infect Urol 14(3):80-82, 2001.

http://id.medscape.com/43948.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGIC FEATURES OF MYCOBACTERIUM FORTUITUM INFECTIONS: AN

EMERGING PATHOGEN IN PATIENTS WITH AIDS

The clinical and pathologic features of Mycobacterium fortuitum infection

in 11 patients with AIDS were characterized.

Am J of Clin Pathology 116(2), 2001

http://id.medscape.com/43952.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

_______________________________________________________________________

___________________________________ NEWS ______________________________

-- BIOTERRORISM: ANTHRAX DETECTION --

ANTHRAX NEWSBEAT

Medscape's editors have collected useful resources and the latest news to

keep you up to date on the spread and available treatment for this organism.

http://id.medscape.com/43941.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

LABS SHOULD BE FAMILIAR WITH CDC PROTOCOLS FOR ANTHRAX CASES

The CDC has asked the College of American Pathologists to contact all

clinical laboratories and ask them to familiarize themselves with the CDC

Protocols for anthrax and the procedures to follow in the event they think

they may have a case or isolate.

http://id.medscape.com/43950.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

FDA OFFERS GUIDANCE ON BLOOD DONORS WITH POSSIBLE ANTHRAX EXPOSURE

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) said in a guidance document on

Thursday that it is not recommending changes to the standard procedures for

screening and collection of blood in response to the recent spate of

anthrax exposures around the country.

http://id.medscape.com/44023.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

NORTH CAROLINA FIRM TO SELL HOME ANTHRAX TEST KITS

Vital Living Products Inc., a maker of water testing kits, is planning to

ship home anthrax tests to retailers before Thanksgiving, but some

merchants are lukewarm about stocking it.

http://id.medscape.com/44019.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- BIOTERRORISM: ANTHRAX TREATMENT --

UPDATE ON THE USE OF DOXYCYCLINE FOR ANTHRAX EXPOSURE

Doxycycline has been approved for the treatment of anthrax in all its forms.

http://id.medscape.com/43992.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

MICHIGAN GOVERNOR WANTS ANTHRAX VACCINE LAB LICENSED

Michigan Governor John Engler said on Monday he strongly supports the

re-licensing of Lansing, Michigan-based BioPort Corp., the only laboratory

in the US authorized to produce an anthrax vaccine.

http://id.medscape.com/43852.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

FDA WILL APPROVE NEW LABELING FOR ANTIBIOTICS TO TREAT ANTHRAX

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) said on Thursday that it will

approve new labeling for several antibiotics for the treatment of anthrax,

including doxycycline and penicillin.

http://id.medscape.com/44025.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- BIOTERRORISM: ANTHRAX CASES IN US --

ANTHRAX REPORTED IN NEW YORK NBC WORKER

An employee at NBC's New York headquarters at 30 Rockefeller Center has

been diagnosed with cutaneous anthrax, possibly after handling 'suspicious

mail,' according to NBC sources.

http://id.medscape.com/43813.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

BUSH SAYS SUSPECT LETTER RECEIVED BY SEN. DASCHLE

President George W. Bush said on Monday US Senate Democratic Leader Tom

Daschle's office had received a letter with a powder that Daschle believed

contained anthrax.

http://id.medscape.com/43855.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

INFANT IS YOUNGEST ANTHRAX VICTIM IN US SO FAR

After initially being diagnosed as having a spider bite, the infant son of

a producer with ABC television in New York is now being treated for

cutaneous anthrax.

http://id.medscape.com/43896.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

SENATE STAFFERS POSITIVE FOR ANTHRAX; HOUSE TO SHUT DOWN

Twenty-nine members of Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle's staff have

tested positive for exposure to anthrax, congressional leaders said on

Wednesday as they moved to shut down much of the US Capitol as a temporary

precautionary measure.

http://id.medscape.com/43932.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

CBS-TV EMPLOYEE TESTS POSITIVE FOR ANTHRAX

A person working in the office of CBS-TV News anchor Dan Rather in New York

has tested positive for cutaneous anthrax, the third major TV network

employee to be exposed to the bacteria, CBS radio affiliate WCBS reported

Thursday.

http://id.medscape.com/44013.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

US ABORTION RIGHTS GROUP GETS SUSPICIOUS LETTERS

A leading US abortion rights group said on Monday that 90 of its clinics

and offices in at least 13 states had received envelopes containing

threatening letters and an unidentified powdery substance.

http://id.medscape.com/43898.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

PHYSICIANS URGED NOT TO AMPLIFY PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO BIOTERRORISM

The long-term social and psychological damage from bioterrorism may be

worse than the acute consequences if care is not taken, editorialists

observe in the British Medical Journal for October 20. Biological and

chemical agents are so limited as military weapons that their only real

purpose is to 'wreak destruction via psychological means--by inducing fear,

confusion, and uncertainty in everyday life,' the authors remark.

http://id.medscape.com/44014.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- BIOTERRORISM: OTHER AGENTS --

CDC PROVIDES UPDATE ON DETECTING ILLNESS RELATED TO BIOTERRORISM

Healthcare providers should remain alert to illness patterns and diagnostic

clues that might indicate illnesses caused by the intentional release of

biologic agents, the US Centers for Disease Control and Infection said

Thursday.

http://id.medscape.com/44018.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

DILUTED SMALLPOX VACCINE MAY EXPAND LIMITED US SUPPLY

Researchers said this week they would test a watered-down version of the

smallpox vaccine to see if they can stretch the nation's limited supply in

case of a biowarfare attack.

http://id.medscape.com/43814.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

FRANCE SEEKS SMALLPOX VACCINE ON BIO-ATTACK FEARS

The French government has asked the country's premier vaccine maker Aventis

Pasteur to produce three million doses of smallpox vaccine, the company

said on Wednesday.

http://id.medscape.com/43928.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

MERCK IN TALKS WITH US ON MAKING SMALLPOX VACCINE

Drugmaker Merck & Co. said on Thursday it was in discussions with the US

government about the possibility of helping to develop a vaccine against

the smallpox virus, in the wake of growing concerns about the threat of

bioterrorism.

http://id.medscape.com/44009.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- BIOTERRORISM: INTERNATIONAL NEWS --

ANTHRAX SCARES REPORTED AROUND THE WORLD

As the number of people exposed to anthrax in the US rose to 12, several

countries reported on Monday receiving suspicious letters and packages

containing powder that may harbor the anthrax spore.

http://id.medscape.com/43856.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

US ANTHRAX CASES SET OFF GLOBAL SCARES

A rash of US anthrax cases triggered fears of biological warfare, hoaxes

and false alarms round the world on Wednesday, but not a single case of

human contamination was confirmed outside the United States.

http://id.medscape.com/43930.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

JAPAN HIT BY SPATE OF SUSPICIOUS MAIL

Japanese police faced a spate of incidents on Tuesday involving suspicious

mail containing white powder after anthrax-contaminated letters were found

in the US, but it appeared the cases were hoaxes.

http://id.medscape.com/43894.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

ITALY IMPLEMENTS EMERGENCY BIO-ATTACK PLAN

With the US and European nations nervous about the possibility of attacks

with anthrax or other biological weapons, Italy has activated its emergency

plan for bioterrorism, health minister Girolamo Sirchia announced on

Thursday at a press conference in Rome.

http://id.medscape.com/43815.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

GERMANY CONSIDERS NEW PREVENTION STRATEGIES FOR BIOTERRORISM

Suspicious envelopes found in Berlin and Wiesbaden have tested negative for

anthrax spores, but nonetheless the incidents sent a chilling message of

potential biological warfare that is expected to trigger changes in Germany.

http://id.medscape.com/43816.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

RUSSIA READY TO HELP US COMBAT ANTHRAX

Russia has ample supplies of antibiotics and vaccines against anthrax,

health minister Yuri Shevchenko said on Monday.

http://id.medscape.com/43848.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

UK MEDICAL CHIEF SEEKS TO CALM ANTHRAX FEARS

Britain's chief medical officer sought on Monday to calm fears about a

possible anthrax attack, saying the nation was well prepared for any outbreak.

http://id.medscape.com/43849.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

GERMAN SUPPLIES OF GENERIC CIPROFLOXACIN CALLED AMPLE

While the US works to stockpile Bayer AG's Cipro to tackle anthrax

bioterrorism, the government of Germany -- where the drug is off-patent --

has been assured by generic drugmakers that they have adequate supplies to

handle an outbreak.

http://id.medscape.com/43917.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- BIOTERRORISM: FUNDING AND PREPARATION --

ADMINISTRATION WILL REQUEST ADDITIONAL FUNDS TO BOOST ANTIBIOTIC SUPPLIES

The Bush Administration this week will ask Congress for about $1.5 billion

in additional funds for bioterrorism preparedness measures including a

drastic increase in the size of the government's stockpile of antibiotics

to fight anthrax exposure.

http://id.medscape.com/43844.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

BIOTERROR FUNDS COULD MEND US PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM

American health experts calling for vast investment in bioterror defenses

hope it will never be needed to contain a massive germ warfare attack, but

argue that it will at least rebuild the US public health system.

http://id.medscape.com/43850.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

SENATOR WANTS GOVERNMENT TO PURCHASE GENERIC CIPRO

A leading Senate backer of easier access to generic drugs on Wednesday

urged Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson to invoke a

federal law that allows the government to purchase generic copies of drugs

that are still under patent.

http://id.medscape.com/43888.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

US IN TALKS WITH BAYER ABOUT RELAXING CIPRO PATENT

The United States is talking to German drugmaker Bayer AG about relaxing

its patent on Cipro (ciprofloxacin), which has become the drug of choice

for those worried about anthrax, Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy

Thompson said Wednesday.

http://id.medscape.com/43918.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

DRUG INDUSTRY TASKFORCE MEETS WITH THOMPSON ON BIOTERRORISM

A newly created pharmaceutical industry taskforce on emergency preparedness

met on Wednesday with Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson to

offer assistance in dealing with bioterrorism.

http://id.medscape.com/43919.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

THOMPSON DETAILS BIOTERRORISM BUDGET REQUEST AMID CAPITOL ANTHRAX SCARE

The Bush administration formally asked Congress on Wednesday for $1.5

billion in emergency spending to strengthen the government's ability to

respond to and vaccinate against biological terrorism agents.

http://id.medscape.com/43929.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- INFLUENZA --

SHORT-TERM SHORTAGE OF FLU VACCINE PREDICTED

With an expected short-term shortage of influenza vaccine this year, the

CDC recommends that only people at high risk of complications from

influenza and healthcare workers who treat them should be vaccinated in

October.

http://id.medscape.com/43961.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- VACCINES --

STRATEGIES NEEDED TO REDUCE RACIAL DISPARITIES IN PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION

Racial disparities in pneumococcal vaccination have decreased somewhat

since 1997, but more improvement needs to be made.

http://id.medscape.com/43962.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

THREE VACCINE-DERIVED POLIO CASES REPORTED IN PHILIPPINES

Between March and July, three cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP)

associated with circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus isolates were

reported in the Philippines, according to the US Centers for Disease

Control and Prevention.

http://id.medscape.com/43803.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

EARLY VACCINATION FOR MEASLES AND MUMPS APPEARS EFFECTIVE

Vaccination of infants for measles during the first year of life may be an

effective strategy in the global effort to eradicate measles, according to

a report in the October issue of the Journal of Infectious Diseases.

http://id.medscape.com/43818.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

UK INTRODUCES PRESCHOOL BOOSTER PERTUSSIS VACCINATION

A preschool booster vaccination against pertussis is to be introduced in

the UK from November to minimize the risk of children catching the disease,

the Department of Health announced on Monday.

http://id.medscape.com/43897.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- MALARIA --

ANTIMALARIAL DRUG RESISTANCE A GROWING PROBLEM IN AFRICA

Resistance to pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine, often the only practicable

alternative for the treatment of malaria, is a growing problem in many

African nations, according to results of a study reported in The Lancet for

October 13.

http://id.medscape.com/43798.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS --

AZITHROMYCIN PREVENTS RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS AMONG MILITARY PERSONNEL

Oral azithromycin is more effective in preventing acute respiratory

infections in Military Special Forces trainees than injection benzathine

penicillin G, according to a timely report in the October 1st issue of

Clinical Infectious Diseases.

http://id.medscape.com/43801.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- TUBERCULOSIS --

TEST FOR LATENT TB UNANIMOUSLY BACKED BY FDA PANEL

An advisory panel to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) voted

unanimously on Friday to endorse the approval of Quantiferon, Cellestis

Ltd's test for latent tuberculosis.

http://id.medscape.com/43819.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- HEPATITIS --

HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION LINKED WITH ACUTE DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis may be the first manifestation of

hepatitis C viral infection, according to report in the October issue of

the Archives of Neurology by physicians who describe what they believe to

be the first such case.

http://id.medscape.com/43825.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- SEPSIS --

FDA PANEL TO REVIEW INVESTIGATIONAL SEPSIS DRUG

Expert advisors to the FDA are scheduled to review on Tuesday an Eli Lilly

and Co. application for a experimental treatment that may significantly

reduce the death rate from hospital-acquired blood-borne infections.

http://id.medscape.com/43859.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

NEW TREATMENT FOR SEPSIS SPLITS FDA PANEL

A panel of expert advisors to the US Food and Drug Administration evenly

split on Tuesday in deciding whether to recommend that the agency proceed

with the approval of Eli Lilly and Co.'s Xigris (drotrecogin alfa) for

treatment of sepsis.

http://id.medscape.com/43936.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- HIV/AIDS --

AFGHAN CONFLICT MAY FUEL AIDS EPIDEMIC

The US-led attacks on Afghanistan will eventually disrupt the flow of opium

from one of the world's top suppliers, which could cause heroin-injecting

to increase in neighboring Pakistan, leading to a surge in the AIDS

epidemic, researchers said on Friday.

http://id.medscape.com/43812.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

HIV PREVENTION IN URBAN US MORE EFFECTIVE BEFORE ONSET OF SEXUAL ACTIVITY

Adolescents who have not yet become sexually active appear to benefit more

from an HIV sexual risk prevention intervention than do their sexually

active counterparts, investigators in Rochester, New York, report.

http://id.medscape.com/43851.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

HIV CASE MANAGEMENT LEADS TO INCREASED USE OF HAART

The results of a study of HIV-infected adults show that those with case

managers to help coordinate their care have fewer unmet needs and, perhaps

more importantly, are significantly more likely to receive and keep up with

highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART).

http://id.medscape.com/43831.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR LEVELS IN SEMEN VARY BY DRUG

Differences in the timing and degree of penetration of protease inhibitors

into semen may influence the persistence of HIV-1 in the genital tract,

according to a report in the September Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.

http://id.medscape.com/43867.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

HIV INFECTION INCREASING IN SAN FRANCISCAN INJECTION DRUG USERS

A study of almost 3000 patients who underwent repeated HIV testing

indicates that the incidence of infection may be increasing among injection

drug users (IDUs) in San Francisco.

http://id.medscape.com/43885.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

NEVIRAPINE, INDINAVIR REACH THERAPEUTIC CONCENTRATIONS IN MALE GENITAL TRACT

Nevirapine and indinavir achieve therapeutic concentrations in the testes,

prostate, and seminal vesicles, according to a report in the October issue

of Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

http://id.medscape.com/43995.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

NERVE GROWTH FACTOR IMPROVES HIV-ASSOCIATED SENSORY NEUROPATHY

Nerve growth factor (NGF) significantly improves the pain symptoms of

HIV-infected patients with sensory neuropathy, according to a report in the

October 9th issue of Neurology.

http://id.medscape.com/43999.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- OTHER STDs --

MEDIGENE POSITIVE ON GENITAL WART PHASE III DATA

The results of a phase III trial indicate that Polyphenon E, a genital wart

treatment, has a high degree of efficacy and safety, according to an

announcement by Medigene AG.

http://id.medscape.com/43881.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS --

PATIENTS URGE UK DOCTORS TO WASH THEIR HANDS

Patients at one of the UK's largest hospital trusts are being urged to ask

doctors and nurses if they have washed their hands before examining them as

part of efforts to reduce hospital infections.

http://id.medscape.com/43926.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT CLOTHING MAY TRANSMIT INFECTION

Clothing worn by emergency department personnel may spread potentially

pathogenic bacteria, according to study findings presented here Monday at

the annual research forum of the American College of Emergency Physicians.

http://id.medscape.com/43892.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE --

MACROLIDE RESISTANCE TO PNEUMOCOCCI NOW COMMON IN THE US

In the United States, the prevalence of macrolide resistance to pneumococci

doubled between 1995 and 1999, according to a report in The Journal of the

American Medical Association for October 17.

http://id.medscape.com/43882.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

DRUG-RESISTANT HUMAN PATHOGENS COMMONLY FOUND IN RETAIL MEAT

Drug-resistant strains of Salmonella and Enterococcus are common in ground

meats and chickens sold in US supermarkets, according to reports in the

October 18th issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

http://id.medscape.com/43927.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- CJD/BSE --

LINK BETWEEN CJD, GAME MEAT CONSUMPTION SAID TO DESERVE FURTHER STUDY

Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a prion-related illness of deer and elk,

does not appear to be the cause of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) that

developed in three young US adults who regularly consumed deer and elk meat.

http://id.medscape.com/43910.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

-- OTHER ID NEWS --

H. PYLORI PEPTIDE ACTIVATES MONOCYTES TO IMPAIR LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION

Helicobacter pylori produces a peptide that activates monocytes to reduce

the function and viability of antineoplastic lymphocytes, according to a

report in the October 15th Journal of Clinical Investigation.

http://id.medscape.com/43860.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

FIRST-, SECOND-GENERATION ANTIBIOTICS COMPARABLE FOR SINUSITIS

There are no clinically significant differences in outcomes between

patients treated with first-generation antibiotics for acute uncomplicated

sinusitis and those treated with newer antibiotics that have a broader

microbial spectrum.

http://id.medscape.com/43902.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

'PITTSBURGH' CRITERIA IDENTIFY FEBRILE INFANTS AT LOW RISK OF SERIOUS

BACTERIAL ILLNESS

Using a new set of criteria that include enhanced urinalysis, physicians

can identify febrile infants who have a particularly low risk of serious

bacterial illness and can probably be safely managed without antibiotic

treatment, according to researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School

of Medicine.

http://id.medscape.com/43994.rhtml?srcmp=id-101901

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