More than one million children will be immunised against meningococcal C next year through an increased national vaccine supply, federal Health Minister Kay Patterson said.

Those at greatest risk of the disease - children aged one to five and teenagers from 15 to 19 - will receive free vaccination, either from their GP or at school.

Children in the lower risk bracket of six to 14 years will be immunised by 2005.

The expanded vaccination program, which will cost an extra $190 million, is designed to ensure every Australian under 20 is vaccinated in the next three years.

The new funding is on top of $101 million approved in August, making it Australia's largest vaccination program.

Senator Patterson said a shortage of the vaccine had been overcome, with improved production standards and the Therapeutic Goods Administration approving two new suppliers.

"We've been able to expand the program considerably, and accelerate it," she told reporters.

"Expenditure on vaccines will more than double this financial year, from $85 million to $187 million, as a result of the meningococcal C vaccination program."

The program is ongoing, with funding allocated for every child to be vaccinated after their first birthday.

Meningococcal C kills about 40 Australians a year, Senator Patterson said.

The type-C strain of the disease is the most virulent in Australia, causing 80 per cent of meningococcal-related deaths last winter.

"The thing is not only do children and young people die, but they also suffer severe disability - loss of limbs, organ damage - so it's vital that we vaccinate," she said.

While the vaccine will give lifelong protection against meningococcal C, it is ineffective against meningococcal B.

"It remains vitally important for people in the community, and especially parents and doctors, to be alert in looking out for the signs and symptoms of meningococcal disease," Senator Patterson said.

©AAP 2002