The brain size of babies as young as four months old could signal whether
they would develop autism, an American researcher announced at an
international conference here today.
Dr Eric Courchesne, of the University of California, said his study
negated worldwide speculation that the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR)
vaccination was a cause of autism.
He said his "striking and surprising finding" was that autistic children
had abnormally fast brain growth that began around four months' of age.
"Our finding places the biological beginning of this disorder at a very
early timeframe," he told reporters at the inaugural World Autism
Conference.
The MMR vaccine was given to children at 12 to 18 months of age but his
study showed the abnormal brain growth occurred before this age.
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"So clearly MMR vaccination is not causing this very early, massive and
really striking and distinctive biological phenomenon," he said.
Dr Courchesne, who is a professor in the university's Department of
Neurosciences, said he hoped future studies would replicate the findings and
that they be given a clinical use.
"Because all that is required to take our finding and make use of it would be
for paediatricians to simply measure the head circumference of newborns and
babies during the first year of life and chart the growth," he said.
Parents could also measure their child's head and be on the look out for an
"unusual, sudden, accelerated, explosive jump in size".
"That would be potentially predictive of autism," he said.
Dr Courchesne's study showed the brain of a one-year-old autistic child was
the size of a typical two-year-old, while a two to four-year-old autistic child
had the brain size of a normal 10 to 12-year-old.
He said his study looked at the medical records of 35 autistic children and
the brain scans of 200 autistic people.
The next step was for scientists to investigate the cellular, molecular and
genetic factors that created the abnormal brain growth.
"Then scientists will be on the right track to coming up with effective
biological treatments or interventions that may in fact preclude and prevent
this disorder altogether in in future generations."
About 1,500 autism experts from 32 countries are attending the four-day
conference to share knowledge and discuss research findings.
Autism Council of Australia president Lawrie Bartak said the number of
children diagnosed with autism had doubled from one in 1,000, to one in 500.
Some regions, such as Geelong in Victoria, had recorded rates as high as one in
200.
Autism Victoria says the disorder is difficult to diagnose before a child is
at least two years old.
An autistic child may not speak at all, or have limited use of speech, will
probably not be able to play games or make friends, may be unusually sensitive
to sound, taste, smell, touch and sight, and will display a range of unusual,
often repetitive behaviours.
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YOUR HEALTH CARE PROVIDER.
"A foolish faith in authority is the worst enemy of truth."
-- Albert Einstein, letter to a friend, 1901
"I know of no safe depository of the ultimate powers of the society but the people themselves, and if we think them not enlightened enough to exercise control with a wholesome discretion, the remedy is not to take it from them, but to inform their discretion by education."
-- Thomas Jefferson, letter to William C. Jarvis, September 28, 1820
"What's the point of vaccination if it doesn't protect you from the unvaccinated?"
-- Sandy Gottstein
"Who gets to decide what the greater good is and how many will be sacrificed to it?"