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Highlights include fluconazole for cutaneous leishmaniasis, SV40 and cancer, and myiasis and mice. Medscape Infectious Diseases 4(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/431767?srcmp=id-042602

http://www.medscape.com/viewprogram/1807?srcmp=id-042602

A writer examines the impact on survivors and family after a terrorist attack. Medscape General Medicine 4(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/431681?srcmp=id-042602

ALLOGRAFT PYELONEPHRITIS AS A CAUSE OF ALLOGRAFT NONFUNCTION? How frequent is kidney allograft pyelonephritis leading to allograft nonfunction requiring transplantectomy? Medscape Transplantation 3(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432126?srcmp=id-042602

How does one treat a patient whose CSF still grows C neoformans after 8 weeks of amphotericin plus flucytosine? Medscape HIV/AIDS 8(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432309?srcmp=id-042602

Is evidence of Chagas exposure an absolute contraindication for liver transplantation? Medscape Transplantation 3(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432294?srcmp=id-042602

FATAL YELLOW FEVER IN A TRAVELER RETURNING FROM AMAZONAS, BRAZIL, 2002 Information from some commercial outfitters and travel agents might underestimate health risks. MMWR 51(15) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432129?srcmp=id-042602

PRELIMINARY FOODNET DATA ON THE INCIDENCE OF FOODBORNE ILLNESSES -- SELECTED SITES, UNITED STATES, 2001 The data show a decrease in the major bacterial foodborne illnesses. MMWR 51(15) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432132?srcmp=id-042602

MMWR 51(15) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432134?srcmp=id-042602

RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF ACTIVE PHYSICIAN-BASED SURVEILLANCE OF FOODBORNE ILLNESS Substantial underreporting to health authorities is believed likely. Emerg Infect Dis 8(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/423548?srcmp=id-042602

NOSOCOMIAL ENDOCARDITIS CAUSED BY CORYNEBACTERIUM AMYCOLATUM AND OTHER NONDIPHTHERIAE CORYNEBACTERIA The nondiphtheriae corynebacteria are increasingly recognized as agents of endocarditis. Emerg Infect Dis 8(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/423545?srcmp=id-042602

EFFICACY OF INTERFERON ALPHA-2B AND RIBAVIRIN AGAINST WEST NILE VIRUS IN-VITRO The authors tested interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin for activity against WNV in a primate cell system. Emerg Infect Dis 8(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/423563?srcmp=id-042602

FIRST REPORTED CASE OF IMPORTED HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME IN EUROPE A 58-year-old man traveled in Chile and Argentina from February 2 to March 2, 2001. Emerg Infect Dis 8(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/423561?srcmp=id-042602

THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME, HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME, AND HANTAVIRUSES Evidence for infections with hantaviruses now has been reported from Cambodia, Indonesia, Taiwan, and Thailand. Emerg Infect Dis 8(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/423565?srcmp=id-042602

AN OUTBREAK OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED FOODBORNE ILLNESS CAUSED BY METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS This is the first report of an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness caused by community-acquired MRSA. Emerg Infect Dis 8(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/423537?srcmp=id-042602

PRIMARY LIVER ABSCESS CAUSED BY ONE CLONE OF KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE WITH TWO COLONIAL MORPHOTYPES AND RESISTOTYPES Primary liver abscess caused by resistant K. pneumoniae may be emerging in Taiwan. Emerg Infect Dis 8(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/423546?srcmp=id-042602

EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES JOURNAL: A TIME OF TRANSITION Change is a constant for Emerging Infectious Diseases. Emerg Infect Dis 8(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/423547?srcmp=id-042602

The AIDS epidemic is presenting unique challenges in the former USSR, such as corruption in needle exchange programs. Infect Med 19(3) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/431132?srcmp=id-042602

NEW ORLEANS CITYWIDE ROUNDS - A NEAR-DROWNING VICTIM WITH PNEUMONIA AND HEMIPARESIS This patient was treated for shock, hypothermia, and respiratory distress, but his condition worsened 8 days later. Infect Med 19(3) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/431130?srcmp=id-042602

Watery nasal discharge developed several hours before abrupt onset of fever, headache, and lassitude in this woman. Infect Med 19(3) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/431134?srcmp=id-042602

Physicians and surgeons must have the ability to recognize and initiate treatment when biological agents have been deployed. Neurosurg Focus 12(3) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/431311?srcmp=id-042602

An overview of the types of radiation, methods of dispersal, injury patterns, and treatment considerations. Neurosurg Focus 12(3) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/431313?srcmp=id-042602

Civilian neurosurgeons may be called upon to confront a scenario involving the use of chemical warfare agents. Neurosurg Focus 12(3) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/431312?srcmp=id-042602

SEROLOGIC EVALUATION FOR HEPATITIS B, HEPATITIS C, AND HIV-1 OF SURGICAL PATIENTS AND HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS IN A UROLOGY CLINIC Adherence to universal precautions should be emphasized among urology healthcare providers. Infect Urol 15(1) 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/431452?srcmp=id-042602

More than 900 people have died of cholera in Malawi over the past 6 months in an unusually severe outbreak of the disease, a senior health official said Tuesday. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432468?srcmp=id-042602

NEW DRUG COMBINATION FOR MALARIA EFFECTIVE IN AFRICAN CHILDREN A combination of artesunate and amodiaquine improved treatment outcomes of malaria among children in Gabon and Kenya, and was equivalent to amodiaquine-only treatment in Senegal, researchers report in The Lancet for April 20. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432284?srcmp=id-042602

ADDING ARTESUNATE TO AMODIAQUINE IMPROVES MALARIA TREATMENT Longitudinal studies of drug resistance and long-term safety are still needed. MedscapeWire 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432125?srcmp=id-042602

CREATIVE APPROACH INCREASES IMPACT OF STD SCREENING/EDUCATION PROGRAM Taking a humorous approach while conducting STD screening programs in entertainment venues appears to break down barriers to participation, Australian investigators report. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432462?srcmp=id-042602

One to two doses of Tripedia followed by Infanrix was found to be equivalent to 3 doses of Tripedia. MedscapeWire 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432633?srcmp=id-042602

GENE CLUSTER TECHNIQUE MAY HELP PREDICT FUTURE INFLUENZA A STRAINS Analysis of hemagglutinin gene clusters could be helpful in predicting future influenza A virus strains and thereby useful in selecting vaccine components, according to a report published in the April 30th issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432345?srcmp=id-042602

PROCALCITONIN BETTER MARKER FOR MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE THAN C-REACTIVE PROTEIN In children presenting with fever and a rash, the procalcitonin level is an accurate indicator of meningococcal disease, according to a report by British researchers. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432456?srcmp=id-042602

TERBINAFINE FOR TWO WEEKS FOUND BEST FOR TREATMENT OF TINEA CAPITIS In terms of efficacy and compliance, 14 days of treatment with terbinafine appears to be optimal for patients with Trichophyton tinea capitis, according to results of a study in a North American pediatric population. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432264?srcmp=id-042602

Health authorities are investigating the first suspected case of the human form of mad cow disease in the United States, but they said the victim was a British woman who probably contracted the disease overseas. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432266?srcmp=id-042602

US farm industry groups on Friday downplayed the first suspected case of the human form of 'mad cow' disease in the United States, saying they were confident the 22-year-old British woman contracted the disease overseas. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432270?srcmp=id-042602

ENTEROVIRUS MAY CAUSE OR CONTRIBUTE TO CHRONIC RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE For the first time, a team of British and Chinese investigators has demonstrated evidence of viral replication in valve tissue of patients with chronic rheumatic valvular disease. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432281?srcmp=id-042602

FILGRASTIM SEEMS TO INCREASE SURVIVAL IN AIDS PATIENTS BUT MECHANISM UNCLEAR Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy in patients with AIDS-related cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is associated with a 56% reduction in mortality, according to a recent report. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432340?srcmp=id-042602

Data from a voluntary HIV testing program instituted in the general medical service of a teaching hospital indicate a high prevalence of previously undiagnosed HIV infection. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432344?srcmp=id-042602

The World Health Organization for the first time on Monday issued guidelines designed to encourage developing countries to provide effective drug treatments for HIV infection. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432311?srcmp=id-042602

GOALS OF DIRECTLY OBSERVED THERAPY FOR HIV DIFFER FROM THOSE FOR TB Directly observed therapy (DOT) improves treatment of HIV and AIDS, results of pilot programs suggest. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432265?srcmp=id-042602

LOWERING SERUM TROUGH CONCENTRATION OF INDINAVIR REDUCES TOXICITY Maintaining serum trough concentration of the HIV protease inhibitor indinavir at <500 ng/mL appears to keep toxicity at manageable levels without affecting efficacy, French investigators report. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432487?srcmp=id-042602

(KS) or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), even when it is initiated after diagnosis of the cancer. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432622?srcmp=id-042602

'SAFER SEX FATIGUE,' CONFIDENCE IN HIV TREATMENT LEAD TO RISKY SEX BEHAVIOR Impatience with safer sex practices and a decreased concern about HIV transmission in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy are associated with unprotected anal sex among homosexual men in the US. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432461?srcmp=id-042602

Ocular toxicity is 'nontrivial' and dose-dependent. MedscapeWire 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432629?srcmp=id-042602

EXTENDING PCP PROPHYLAXIS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS PROVES COST-EFFECTIVE Nine cases of opportunistic infection per 1000 patients would be prevented by extending prophylaxis. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432484?srcmp=id-042602

Adhering to the CDC recommendation for testing could double detection. MedscapeWire 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432626?srcmp=id-042602

South African President Thabo Mbeki, who last week announced a dramatic change in the government's HIV/AIDS policy, has promised to take the lead in fighting the disease. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432589?srcmp=id-042602

As is the case in first-line highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), toxicity is the main reason for much second-line HAART switching, according to Dutch researchers, who point out that an initial toxicity-driven switch increases the risk of subsequent switching. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432602?srcmp=id-042602

SAQUINAVIR SUBOPTIMAL IN HIV-POSITIVE CHILDREN UNLESS COMBINED WITH OTHER PIS In HIV-infected children, saquinavir alone does not maintain consistently efficacious plasma levels. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432287?srcmp=id-042602

CCR5 DENSITY ON CD4 CELLS GOVERNS COURSE OF HIV INFECTION IN CHILDREN The density of CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) molecules on the surface of inactivated CD4 cells correlates with disease progression and with treatment response in children vertically infected with HIV. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432289?srcmp=id-042602

ETHICS BODY SAYS DRUG TRIALS IN POOR COUNTRIES MAY HAVE TO BE SECOND BEST A leading British medical ethics body said this week that it is not always appropriate to offer participants in clinical trials conducted in poor countries the same standard of care offered to clinical trial participants in rich countries. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432617?srcmp=id-042602

Greece shut down all schools from kindergartens to universities on Wednesday to prevent the spread of a unknown virus suspected of killing three people. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432586?srcmp=id-042602

LAWMAKERS SAY RESEARCH SUBJECTS NEED CONGRESSIONAL PROTECTION Lawmakers on Tuesday threw their support behind new federal safeguards--including the formation of a new national research oversight agency--to protect people who volunteer to participate in medical studies. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432475?srcmp=id-042602

Blood donated anywhere in the European Union will be collected and processed in the same way under a draft regulations agreed upon by a parliamentary committee on Tuesday. Reuters Health Information 2002 http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/432464?srcmp=id-042602

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