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Subject: An Italian
Study Finding Biochemical Markers of Vaccine Damage
© Harris L. Coulter Ph.D.
Comment
by Harris L. Coulter: This is, to my knowledge, the first investigation to
find biochemical markers of vaccine damage. It has not yet been published but
deserves publication. My translation omits the tables and part of the
bibliography, but the text is complete. This study should also have an impact
on HLA typing, since it shows that vaccinations can have an effect on the
individual's HLA type (i.e., that it is not necessarily congenital).
Role of Immunogenetics
in the Diagnosis of Postvaccinal CNS Pathology
Massimo Montinari*,
Biagio Favoino**, and Angela Roberto***
Dept. Of Pediatric Surgery, University of Bari
**Tissue Typing and Organ Transplantation Service, Bari Hospital and
Polyclinic
***Virology Outpatient Clinic. Bari Hospital and Polyclinic
Presented in Naples, May
9, 1996, under the auspices of the Associazione per la Libera Universita
Internazionale de Medicina Omeopatica "Samuel Hahnemann" (LUIMO).
Translated from Italian by Harris L. Coulter, Ph.D.
Resume
This study involves observations of 30 patients with post-vaccinal pathology
of the central nervous system and other systems where the first symptoms
appeared concomitantly with, or immediately after, administration of a
vaccine. All patients were subjected to serologic testing for herpes virus
(IgG and IgM) and to HLA (A, B, C) and HLA-DR-DQ tissue typing to see if
there was any correlation between the emergence of CNS pathology and these
various antigens, thus to show a possible autoimmune-type immunogenetic basis
for demyelination processes. Statistical comparison with the Italian
population used as controls revealed an increase in the HLA-A3 and HLA-DR7
antigens. The presence of A3 and/or DR-7 was observed in 22/30 (73.3%) of the
patients.
Key words
Post-vaccinal pathology; HLA system; autoimmune pathology of the CNS.
Introduction
Post-vaccinal pathology of the central nervous system (CNS) is a topic
deserving further investigation. In fact, our own experience with 30 patients
of Italian nationality, observed between April, 1994 and October, 1995, shows
that clinical signs of CNS pathology -- associated with dermatitis, food
allergies, constipation, and leaking from the anus -- emerged concomitantly
or immediately after vaccination with the Salk or Sabin polio vaccine, DT,
measles, DPT, anti-tuberculosis, or Hepatitis-B vaccines.
The hypothesis of
Herroelen, J. De Keyser, and G. Ebinger on "CNS demyelination after
immunization with recombinant hepatitis-B vaccine" (Lancet, 338,
November 9, 1991, 1174-1175), as verified by A.P. Brezin, M. Lautier-Frau, M.
Hamadani, and O. Rogeaux in their article, "Loss of Vision and Eosinophilia
after Recombinant Hepatitis-B Vaccine" (Lancet, Italian Edition, April,
1994), suggests the need for a clinical revaluation and a critical look at
all the patients observed up to now in Italian and European clinical centers.
Methods
The patients examined by us came from various regions of Italy, and all
presented with a clinical history of convulsions concomitantly with, or
immediately after, prophylactic vaccinations. We excluded from the study all
patients observed by us whose clinical history was not referable to a
vaccination. All the patients were subjected to tissue typing for HLA (A, B,
C) and HLA DR-DQ with the aim of defining the relative immunogenetic order.
The phenotype was defined by a study of various immune functions: lymphocyte
subpopulations, serum immunoglobulin content, sphericity of the antibodies to
various viruses (CMV, EBV, HSV-1 and HSV-2, VZV).
This allowed us to
relate these data to specific clinical pictures -- patients who had earlier
been diagnosed with epilepsy, myoclonic epilepsy, evoving epilepsy,
epileptigenic encephalopathy, autism, West Syndrome, and Angelman's Syndrome.
All the patients had presented with the first symptoms shortly after
receiving the prophylactic vaccination or somewhat later.
The first symptoms were
convulsions, very high fever, or diarrhoea immediately following a compulsory
vaccination. The parents had told their physicians about this; then, after
taking EEGs and visiting neuropsychiatric specialists or pediatricians
without getting any satisfaction, the physicians had administered the recall
shots of the vaccines leading very shortly to stabilization of the condition
with progressive clinical deterioration.
These children were
mostly from 3 to 9 months old. All patients were studied for the presence of
metabolic diseases with negative results; then chromosomal mapping was done,
also with negative results; encephalic TAC and RMN were performed at first
appearance of the symptomatology, also with negative results.
The EEG performed at
first appearance of the symptomatology gave a negative result in 92% of the
patients. Serologic investigations for herpetic virus (IgG and IgM) were
positive in all for IgG and negative for all for IgM, leading us to estimate
seropositivity (IgG) for Epstein-Barr virus of 73.8%, for cytomegalovirus of
71.4%, for Herpes Simplex virus of 47.6%, and for Varicella-Zoster Virus of
21.4%. In all the patients we observed diminished sideremia and a deficit of
IgA and IgG with a slight increase of GOT and GPT. None of the patients had
maternally transmitted viral encephalopathy, and in all the patients the
vegetative and relational life was quite normal prior to administration of
the first dose of vaccine.
The patients were
subjected to HLA tissue typing (A, B, and C), and serologic HLA DR-DQ, with
the aim of checking a possible correlation with the emergence of CNS
pathology, and these antigens indicate a possible autoimmune immunogenetic
basis for the demyelination process. (See A. Svejgard, P. Platz, and L. P.
Ryder in Immunology Rev. 70, 1983, 193). The chi-square statistical analysis,
with the Italian population as a control (see 11th International
Histocompatibility Workship and Conference, 1992) demonstrated an increase in
the HLA-A3 antigen (43.3% vs. 25%, P = 0.04, after statistical correction)
and the HLA-DR7 antigen (48.3% vs. 24.14% P = 0.007 after statistical
correction). The presence of A3 and/or DR7 was observed in 22/30 (73.3%) of
the patients.
Additional cases are
under study to better define the possible association of HLA A3 and/or HLA
DR7 with appearance of this pathology in the CNS following vaccination. HLA
system alleles have an elevated genetic polymorphism and are inherited as
autosomal dominant characteristics. The combination of the alleles of various
loci in the same chromosomes has been defined as the haplotype or complex
gene, and the complexity of the HLA region demonstrates, besides the thousand
different possible haplotypes, also the problems: of molecular resemblance
(see G. Laurentaci and B. Favoino, "Immunogenetica e malattie HLA
Associate," Dedalo Litostampo, Bari, 1991), of discriminating between
self- and non-self-antigens, and of determining the function of the Class 2a
CMI molecules; any interference with the process of presentation of the antigen
can predispose to an autoimmune disease. Alterations which do not occur can
be due to the action of viral agents which compromise the specific immune
response because of their resemblance to the "self" tissue
antigens. The consequence is persistence of the infective agents and a
tendency to provoke, through a marked reaction, induction of an autoimmune
disease. This can present in conditions of marked reactivity to some viruses
and to myelin antigens.
A study of the disease
associated with genes of the HLA system has shown that this genetic complex
can be responsible for a particular genetic susceptibility, predisposing to
various diseases characterized predominantly by immune-system pathogenesis.
The observation that many vaccines use Thimerosal as a preservative, for
which we do not have clear dose-response relationships and whose toxic
effects take the form essentially of neurologic symptoms, not the least of
which are symptoms of the purine pathway of the innervation of the digestive
tube, leads us to consider that in 66% of cases there was obstinate
constipation and in 31% there was proctic symptomatology with emission of
mucus and blood.
Conclusion
All the patients observed presented various physical problems. The various
types of CNS pathology could be due to a delatentization of preexisting
autoimme damage by viral DNA. It has been observed that the “cleaner"
the species, from the virologic or microbiologic point of view, the more
likely it is to present autoimmune conditions of the CNS and other apparatuses.
The results indicate that autoimmune pathology is more frequent in countries
where vaccination is more widespread, i.e., in countries defined as
"clean." With this study, and with the individualization of alleles
such as A3 and DR7, in the presence of viral DNA, it would be possible to
define the subjects at risk of an autoimmune pathology from vaccination. The
action of thimerosal used as an excipient in vaccines, and whose toxicity is
independent of thedose administered, could demonstrate the possibility of
changes in the aminoacids of the molecules which preserve the antigen.
This type of study could
even be utilized to individualize the etiopathogenesis of other types of
autoimmune pathology.
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