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MedPulse is a weekly index of key news and features on Medscape's
specialty sites compiled by Medscape's Editors.
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___________________ NEW FEATURE ARTICLES THIS WEEK ____________________
-- MEDSCAPE ORIGINAL ARTICLES --
JOURNAL SCAN - INFECTIOUS DISEASES, JULY 2002
Read the latest highlights from the literature, including:
- Avoiding Trichinella in walrus meat
- Chlorhexidine vs povidone-iodine
- Enteric pathogens in Mexican sauces
Medscape Infectious Diseases 4(2) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437387?srcmp=id-070502
ANGELS ON THE WEB: MUSIC MAKES THE WORLD GO 'ROUND
"Music gives wings to the mind, flight to the imagination, a charm to sadness, and life to everything" - Plato
Medscape Infectious Diseases 4(1) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/433534?srcmp=id-070502
JOURNAL SCAN - HIV/AIDS, JUNE 2002
Highlights include risks of STIs, NRTI resistance, safety and efficacy of NNRTIs, once-daily SQV/RTV, and valganciclovir for CMV.
Medscape HIV/AIDS 8(1) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437085?srcmp=id-070502
JOURNAL SCAN - PULMONARY MEDICINE, MARCH 2002
A review of some of the latest topics in the pulmonary literature.
Medscape Pulmonary Medicine 6(1) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437266?srcmp=id-070502
JOURNAL SCAN - GASTROENTEROLOGY, JUNE 2002
Highlights include rectal distention tests in IBS and significance of high COX-2 levels in esophageal adenocarcinoma.
Medscape Gastroenterology 4(2) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437331?srcmp=id-070502
ASK THE EXPERT - ONCE-DAILY REGIMEN FOR NAIVE PATIENT WITH HIGH HIV VIRAL LOAD?
What is a good once-daily regimen for an antiretroviral-naive patient with a low CD4+ cell count and high viral load?
Medscape HIV/AIDS 8(2) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437256?srcmp=id-070502
-- MMWR --
UPDATE: RASHES AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN -- 27 STATES, OCTOBER 4, 2001-JUNE 3, 2002
Some cases are associated with parvovirus B19, and others appear to be psychogenic.
MMWR 51(24) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437046?srcmp=id-070502
RESUMPTION OF ROUTINE SCHEDULE FOR TETANUS AND DIPHTHERIA TOXOIDS
The supply of Td in the US is now sufficient to permit resumption of routine vaccination.
MMWR 51(24) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437048?srcmp=id-070502
PROGRESS TOWARD POLIOMYELITIS ERADICATION -- PAKISTAN AND AFGHANISTAN, JANUARY 2000-APRIL 2002
Although polio remains endemic in these countries, incidence and distribution have been reduced substantially.
MMWR 51(24) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437045?srcmp=id-070502
-- EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES --
MEDICAL CARE CAPACITY FOR INFLUENZA OUTBREAKS, LOS ANGELES
The capacity of health-care systems to handle patient visits during influenza seasons is diminishing.
Emerg Infect Dis 8(6) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/434408?srcmp=id-070502
CRYPTOSPORIDIUM OOCYSTS IN A WATER SUPPLY ASSOCIATED WITH A CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS OUTBREAK
Descriptive epidemiology suggested that drinking unboiled tap water in a single water zone was the common factor.
Emerg Infect Dis 8(6) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/434420?srcmp=id-070502
SEROLOGIC EVIDENCE OF HUMAN GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS, GREECE
The authors' data suggest the possibility that HGE cases exist in Greece.
Emerg Infect Dis 8(6) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/434425?srcmp=id-070502
POPULATION-BASED STUDY OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN, GREENLAND
The incidence of respiratory infections is high in Inuit children.
Emerg Infect Dis 8(6) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/434412?srcmp=id-070502
-- OTHER JOURNALS --
ORAL INDUCTION THERAPY FOR CMV RETINITIS, AT LAST
Oral therapy with valganciclovir is an anticipated option for AIDS patients requiring induction therapy for CMV retinitis.
Journal Watch 1(2) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/436876?srcmp=id-070502
RISK OF CLINICAL BLOOD DYSCRASIA IN A COHORT OF ANTIBIOTIC USERS
Is there an association between blood dyscrasias and antibiotics?
Pharmacotherapy 22(5) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/434454?srcmp=id-070502
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES AND DRUG THERAPY: RESISTANCE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY
The CDC presented resistance patterns in more than 700 antiretroviral-naive individuals.
Pharmacotherapy 22(5) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/434466?srcmp=id-070502
NEW ANTISEPSIS DRUG BREAKS THERAPEUTIC GROUND
Clinicians and managers must balance efficacy and cost.
Pharmacy Today 8(1) 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/436019?srcmp=id-070502
_____________________________________________________________________
CASE REPORT: CRESCENTIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
A 21-year-old woman required hemodialysis for microscopic
polyangiitis (mPA), developed vasculitis allergica cutis
(VAC) later, and had a relative short-term survival. Review
this Medscape General Medicine Case Report, featured
in the Chronic Kidney Disease Resource Center:
medscape.com/mp/rc/ckd
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___________________________________ NEWS ______________________________
-- OUTBREAKS --
LEISHMANIASIS EPIDEMIC HITS AFGHANISTAN
Leishmaniasis is sweeping through Afghanistan, infecting some 270,000 people whose facial sores often make them social outcasts, the World Health Organisation (WHO) said on Friday.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437426?srcmp=id-070502
LEGIONNAIRES' OUTBREAK CONTAINED AT US HOSPITAL
An apparent outbreak of Legionnaires' disease that involved nine heart patients at a major Los Angeles hospital, including two who later died, during the past five months has been contained, hospital and county health officials said on Monday.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437527?srcmp=id-070502
-- ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE --
DRUG-RESISTANT SALMONELLA OUTBREAK IN US LINKED TO RAW BEEF
Earlier this year, people in five states were infected with a multidrug-resistant strain of Salmonella, apparently from eating undercooked contaminated beef, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported Thursday.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437371?srcmp=id-070502
DRUG-RESISTANT BACTERIA INCREASE NEED FOR MASTOID SURGERY
More children are requiring surgery to treat suppurative complications of acute otitis media largely due to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, according to a group of Texas researchers.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437452?srcmp=id-070502
-- SEPSIS --
SURVEY REVEALS NEED FOR CONSENSUS DEFINITION OF SEPSIS
More than 67% of respondents are worried about the lack of a common definition.
Medscape Medical News 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437519?srcmp=id-070502
-- PEDIATRIC ID --
DEXAMETHASONE MAY IMPAIR LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT RSV CLEARANCE
In young children with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection who required mechanical ventilation, treatment with dexamethasone may significantly impair the ability of the lower respiratory tract to clear the virus, study results show.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437427?srcmp=id-070502
-- PRION DISEASE --
VACCINE INDUCES PRION ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN MICE, DELAYS ONSET OF SCRAPIE
The onset of the prion disease scrapie is delayed in mice vaccinated with a recombinant mouse prion protein, investigators report in the American Journal of Pathology for July.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437555?srcmp=id-070502
-- HIV/AIDS - CLINICAL --
NONOXYNOL-9 MAY INCREASE RISK OF HIV INFECTION
Women at high risk of HIV infection should not use spermicides containing nonoxynol-9 because the chemical may increase the risk of transmission of the virus, WHO warned on Friday.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437411?srcmp=id-070502
POTENTIAL BARRIERS TO HIV TESTING IN US IDENTIFIED
Two thirds of adults living in the United States have never been tested for HIV infection, according to a report published in the June issue of AIDS Patient Care and STDs.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437410?srcmp=id-070502
RBC-ASSOCIATED HIV-1 MAY BE EARLY MARKER FOR VIROLOGIC FAILURE
By quantifying erythrocyte-associated HIV-1, it may be possible to predict the likelihood of impending virological failure, Swiss investigators suggest in The Lancet for June 29.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437496?srcmp=id-070502
HAART CONTINUES TO REDUCE HIV-RELATED HOSPITALIZATIONS IN NEW YORK CITY
Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), hospital admissions of HIV-positive patients in New York City continued to decline into 2001, according to the results of a cross-sectional study.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437413?srcmp=id-070502
PTSD SYMPTOMS COMMON IN HIV-INFECTED WOMEN SEEKING MEDICAL CARE
More than half of a cohort of women with HIV seeking medical care in California reported symptoms associated with post-traumatic stress disorder, approximately an order of magnitude higher than the reported prevalence rate in the general population of women.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437359?srcmp=id-070502
-- HIV/AIDS - GLOBAL/POLITICAL --
WEST'S RESPONSE TO AIDS IN AFRICA ABYSMAL--UN ENVOY
The world's richest nations must commit billions more each year to fight AIDS in Africa or risk condemning millions on the continent to a perpetual cycle of disease, poverty and death, the United Nations special envoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa said on Wednesday.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437347?srcmp=id-070502
UN SAYS CHINA FACES AIDS CATASTROPHE
The United Nations Programme on AIDS/HIV, in one the harshest assessments yet of China's efforts to halt a looming epidemic, said on Thursday the country faced a catastrophe.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437355?srcmp=id-070502
US GIVES CHINA $14.8 MILLION FOR AIDS RESEARCH
The United States has awarded China a $14.8 million five-year grant for HIV/AIDS research and prevention, US Secretary of Health and Human Services Tommy Thompson said on Friday.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437466?srcmp=id-070502
US SENATE COMMITTEE APPROVES GLOBAL AIDS FUND BILL
As the world prepares for the international AIDS/HIV conference in Spain next month, the US Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee on Wednesday night approved a measure that would authorize and fund activities at the Departments of Labor and Health and Human Services to fight AIDS and HIV in developing nations.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437349?srcmp=id-070502
PREGNANT NEWCOMERS DENIED HIV AID IN UK
HIV-positive pregnant women who have recently arrived in Britain are being denied free drugs that would prevent them passing on the virus to their babies, a leading AIDS charity said.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437528?srcmp=id-070502
AIDS GROUP TAKES AIM AT GLAXO IN US COURT--REPORT
A group caring for AIDS patients is set to file a US lawsuit against GlaxoSmithKline on Monday alleging the drugs giant is overcharging for its medicines and some of its patents are invalid, the Wall Street Journal said.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437483?srcmp=id-070502
CIGNA ADDS BENEFITS FOR ACCIDENTAL HIV EXPOSURE
Cigna Group Insurance said on Thursday that it is expanding its accident insurance benefits to cover healthcare workers who contract HIV on the job.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437342?srcmp=id-070502
AIDS EPIDEMIC STILL IN EARLY PHASE, UN REPORT WARNS
The theory that the AIDS epidemic would 'level off' in heavily affected countries has not played out, and an estimated 68 million people in these countries will die of the disease by 2020, according to a report released Tuesday by UNAIDS.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437524?srcmp=id-070502
-- OTHER NEWS --
DR. JULIE GERBERDING NAMED TO HEAD CDC
Dr. Julie Gerberding, a scientist instrumental in the US probe into last year's anthrax attacks, will become the first woman to head the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, administration officials said on Tuesday.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437547?srcmp=id-070502
TRANSFORMED LACTOBACILLI REDUCE PATHOGENIC BACTERIAL COUNT, CARIES FORMATION
Lactobacillus zeae, engineered to express an antibody that recognizes Streptococcus mutans, induces passive immunity in rats following oral inoculation.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437418?srcmp=id-070502
PHYSICIANS WARNED TO TAKE ANIMAL BITES MORE SERIOUSLY
Even apparently minor animal bites can have major consequences, but they are frequently not taken seriously enough by patients or doctors, according to a new study.
Reuters Health Information 2002
medscape.com/viewarticle/437360?srcmp=id-070502
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