US
researchers have shown that alcohol consumption could aggravate the
hepatitis C virus in human liver cells.
The team, from The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, says that
alcohol increases the activity of a protein called nuclear factor
kappa B, causing the hepatitis C virus to replicate. In addition,
alcohol consumption interferes with the antiviral activity of
interferon-alpha, a key therapy used for patients infected with the
disease.
The researchers also found that naltrexone, a drug used to help
alcoholics avoid relapse, may block the negative effects of alcohol
in promoting hepatitis C infection.
The current research builds on previous work the team had carried
out that discovered that morphine stimulated the hepatitis C virus
in liver cells.
What occurs, they explain, is that alcohol and morphine activate
opioid systems that are present in liver cells.
These systems contain biological pathways that produce natural
opiates that may play a crucial role in drug and alcoholic
addiction, explains research team leader Dr Wen-Zhe Ho.
The researchers say that the process may offer an explanation as to
why naltrexone, which works by blocking opiates from binding to
their receptors on cell membranes, reduces the effects of alcohol.
Although further study is needed, our results suggest that
naltrexone might supply additional benefits in reducing hepatitis C
infection, said Dr Ho.
The research is published in the journal Hepatology.
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